Bringing History to Life Bringing History to Life The St. George Red Sandstone Quarry Project Its History, Location, and Pathway Construction R. Wayne Pace, Ph.D with contributions by Richard Kohler, David Peterson, Larry Robinson, & Adam Hales This monograph commemorates the opening for visitation and study of the old red sandstone quarry from where stones were taken to construct most of the early buildings and many pioneer homes in St. George, Utah. The construction of the Entry, Pathway to the Quarry, and the Monument and Interpretive Plaques were completed in 2016 and dedicated on Saturday, 19 March 2016. Pace, R. Wayne Bringing History to Life: The St. George Red Sandstone Quarry Project Includes bibliographical references 1. History of St. George, Utah Copyright © 2016 R. Wayne and Gae T. Pace Family Trust All rights reserved. No part of this booklet may be reproduced in any form whatsoever, whether by graphic, visual, electronic, film, microfilm, tap recoding, or any other means, without prior written permission of the author, except for brief passages embodied in critical reviews and articles: R. Wayne Pace wpace@infowest.com First published in 2016 in the United States of America DESIGN AND FoRMATTING Gregory W. Pace, Pace Design, 3718 Rock Dove Way, Las Vegas, Nevada 89084 PRINTING The UPS Store 1812 West Sunset Boulevard, #1 St. George, Utah 84770 ISBN Number: 978-1-4621-1959-2 Summary: This booklet reviews the history, location, and opening of the St. George Red Sandstone Quarry for visitations and study. Financial support for the publication of this monograph was received by grants from Washington County, Dean Cox, County Administrator, the Dixie-Arizona Strip Interpetive Association (D-A.S.I.A), Kenneth l. Sizemore, Executive Director, and the R. Wayne and Gae T. Pace Family Trust. Contents PREFACE INTRODUCTIoN I HISTORY oF THE QUARRy AREA Part A Indians Pre-1854 Part B Indian Mission Reconnaissance 1854 Part C West Spring Water Source 1861 Part D Stone Quarry 1862-1875 Part E Indian Camping 1862-1890 Part F Indian Farm on Santa Clara 1890 Part G Copper Smelter 1890-1899 Part H Dodge’s Pond 1901-1907 Part I Ice Plant 1907 Part J Civilian Conservation Corps 1930-1938 Part K Dixie Red Hills Golf Course 1964 Part L Sunstone Condominiums 1974 Part M Red Cliffs National Conservation Area 2009 II ST. GEoRGE SANDSToNE QUARRy Part A The Quarry Part B Location of the Quarry Part C Actions at the Quarry Part D References to the Quarry III OPENING THE QUARRy FOR VISITS AND STUDY Part A Dixie Encampment Chapter of the Sons of Utah Pioneers Part B Civilian Conservation Corp Part C Decisions about Moving Ahead with Project Stalled Part D Continuing Disagreements IV PLANNING AND APPRoVAL PRoCESSES Part A Initial Approvals by Dixie Encampment Chapter Part B Approval of Civilian Conservation Corps Worker Statue Part C Initial Contact about Plaques Part D Inquiry about City Approval Part E Application for National SUP Approval Part F Initial Local Approvals for the Project Part G Preliminary Sketches of Entry Part H Steps to Complete Quarry Project Part I National SUP Approval Part J Survey of Pathway to the Quarry Part K Agreement with City to take Stones from the South Quarry Part L Initial Plans for Publicity & Dedication Contents (con’t) V FUND RAISING AND IN-KIND DONATIoNS FoR THE PROJECT Part A Preliminary Budget Part B Contacts with Potential Donors Part C Cancellation of the Civilian Conservation Corps Statue Part D Publicity for the Quarry Project Part E Extending the Approval Process Part F Quarry Management Plan Part G Changes in Financial Status VI ENTRy, MONUMENT, STAIRS & PATHWAy CONSTRUCTIoN Part A Pre-Construction Meetings Part B Arrival of Entry Post and Plaques Part C Construction of Entry Part D Movement of Stone for Stairs and Monument Part E Construction of Monument at Quarry Part F Installation of Steps to Habitat Part G Construction of Pathway to Monument Part H Installation of Post and Plaques at Quarry Part I Installation of Post and Plaque on Owens Loop Trail VII DEDICATIoN CEREMONY Part A Creation of Invitations and Program Designs Part B List of those to receieve Special Invitations Part C Physical Arrangements Part C Dedication Services Part D Stroll along the Quarry Pathway VIII APPENDIx Dedicatory Prayer IX BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATIoN Author R. Wayne Pace Contributors Richard R. Kohler David Peterson Larry Robinson Adam Hales X ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AND REFERENCES Preface The Dixie Encampment Chapter of the Sons of Utah Pioneers was founded on March 18, 2010. By September, 2010, the chapter had organized a visit to what many called The old Sandstone Quarry located in the cliffs near the Dixie Red Hills Golf Course. To get to the quarry, it was necessary to struggle through years of shrubbery, trees, and massive undergrowth as well as across an area referred to as the Tortoise Habitat which was designated as an endangered species territory. In addition, part of the distance required passing near or across parts of the golf course, making the trek mildly dangerous, some said. The chapter members, nevertheless, did arrive in goodstead, tooks some pictures and had an article about their adventure published in the local newspaper. At that time, the chapter members agreed to initiate action to create a pathway to the quarry. This would mean getting approvals from the various agencies, groups, commissions, and other bodies that had jurisdiction over the property. A member of the chapter was appointed to inquire into procedures for getting approvals and developing a plan for completing a pathway to the quarry with an entry, a monument, and some interpretive plaques for explaining what was involved in quarrying stones, getting them from the quarry to building sites, and what the costs might be. Initial inquiries were discouraging and suggested that no such approvals had ever been given for such a purpose, so the project lagged in interest for a couple of years. In the fall of 2012 another member was asked to pursue inquiries further and submit a plan for where and how to erect a monument to the quarry and those who had worked there. That inquiry resulted in the recommendation to abandon all efforts to get a pathway to the quarry and erect a plaque on the famous Owens Loop Trail above one part of the quarry. The chapter accepted the resolution and eventually a post and plaque were placed on the Owens Loop Trail. A third attempt to pursue a pathway from the entrance to the maintenance of the Dixie Red Hills Golf Course to the quarry was approved by the chapter in mid-2013. All other tentative arrangements were cancelled and a slightly different strategy was taken, resulting in approvals by a multitude of committees and councils. After initial approvals were secured, a fundraising program was undertaken, with enough donations and pledges to construct a beautiful entry, a pathway and stairs, and walk-over bridges along the length of the pathway, as well as a monument and five interpretive plaques. on March 19, 2016, an appropriate dedication was held and the pathway to the quarry officially opened. This monograph recounts the process by which the old sandstone quarry was opened for visitation and study. As you read and study this monograph, hopefully, you will discover a great deal about the ways in which approvals to complete projects are secured. you should also develop an appreciation for what it takes to commemorate an historical site. Please enjoy yourself as processes are revealed and the beauty of the quarry radiates. R. Wayne Pace, St. George, Utah Introduction As was mentioned in the dedication services, “there is nothing more difficult to take in hand, more perilous to conduct, or more uncertain in its success, than to take the lead in the introduction of a new order of things.” Such was the case in getting approvals, raising funds, and constructing all parts of this interesting project to create a pathwasy to the quarry. The struggle, however, was worth the perilousness, uncertainty, and difficulty involved. The result was opening a significant historical site in the St. George area and the gradual evolution of a lovely pathway and erecting a commorative monument. We believe that much can be learned about project management and the processes by which agencies, councils, and committees deliberate on propositions, resolutions, and proposals. A great deal may be revealed about how community members can be involved in the community and what it takes to persevere to the end. The historical richness of the St. George area may also be observed in the results of some persistence and dedication to achieving this extremely worthwhile project. A large binder of critical papers, including many maps used in working through the approval process, emails, statements, arguments and suggestions, have been placed in the Archives of the Special Collections section of the Library at Dixie State University for reference by future researchers and students of the history of Washington County and Southern Utah. The papers will be available only after a distinct period of time to comply with confidentiality provisions and agreements associated with precious documents. This monograph is divided into ten (10) parts and represents a description of the history of the area contingent to and associated with the old sandstone quarry. Part I describes many activities that took place prior to opening the quarry and after the stones taken from it had been use for almost sacred purposes. The most prominent activities were, of course, the construction of the Red Hills Golf Course and the Sunstone Condos. The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) had a significant camp on the site. Part II is devoted to descriptions of the quarry location and references to the quarry in historical documents, although not a great deal of information about quarry operations seem to exist. Part III recounts early efforts to open the quarry and the extent of some disagreements about whether the project could be achieved. Part IV describes the planning and approval processes involved in working through all of the interested parties, including the National Sons of Utah Pioneers, the City of St. George, the Habitat Conservation Program, its technical committee and County advisory board, and the golf course administration, and local residents. Part V describes the fundraising and in-kind donations necessary to complete the project, and how the project was managed by the Dixie Encampment Chapter. Part VI describes the actual construction process, including the entry and its posts and stones and plaques, the pathway construction using volunteers and prospective Eagle Scouts and their supervisors, the installation of steps necessary to lift visitors from golf course property to the habitat, the completion of the pathway through the habitat, and the construction of the monument and erection of interpretive plaques. Many pictures of those actions and their results are included. Part VII describes the Dedication Ceremony, with a copy of the comments of the master of ceremonies. Part VIII provides some biographical information about the author and other contributors to the monograph. Part IX contains the Dedicatory Prayer. Part X represents acknowledgements and references for the historical research section of the monograph. History of the Quarry Area RICHARD R. KOHLER Part A—Indians Pre-1854 Paiute Indians and their ancestors had lived in the vicinity of St. George long before the area was first visited by white men. The expedition of Spaniards Dominguez and Escalante had encountered tribes growing beans, corn and melons near the mouth of the Santa Clara on the Virgin River as recorded in surviving maps from 1776. Part B—Indian Mission Reconnaissance In 1854, a small group of Mormons were called on an Indian Mission by Church leaders.These men and the wives were to live among the Indian band (Tonaquints) dwelling along the banks of the Santa Clara River, learn the Indian language, teach them better farming methods and introduce them to Mormon doctrines, most particularly, that they were descendants of Lamanites, who had originated in Jerusalem. During that period the Mormons located reliable water sources including the West Spring which emerges beneath a sandstone cliff at the eastern edge of the present Dixie Red Hills golf course. Part C—West Spring: A Main Water Source The water from West Spring (sometimes called Watercress Spring), became a principle source of drinking water for the original St.George settlers who arrived in the fall of 1861. Water was conveyed by a ditch from the spring to the lots and blocks of the original St. George town plat by way of Diagonal Street, which was oriented to allow the gentle flow of water downhill, to points where it was conveyed to each town lot on a regimented schedule. The clean, clear and reliable water from West Spring was highly preferable to the muddy, sulfurous smelling water of the Virgin River, which was originally named El Rio Sulfureo de los Piramedes by Dominguez and ante. Part D—Stone Quarry The 1861 settlers, began quarrying red sandstone just to the south of West Spring as early as the spring of 1862. Stone from this quarry was used for most of the important buildings in St.George, including the Tabernacle, the Temple, the opera House, and the (old) County Courthouse. Remnants of quarrying activities remain today. Part E—Expanded St. George Town Plat After the Temple was completed in 1877, County Surveyor John W. Macfarlane completed a substantially enlarged plat map of St. George. Diagonal Street was straightened out. The north south streets were given botanical and other names. Today’s 700 West Street was named Short Street. This plat map anticipated a future St. George that would rival Great Salt Lake City in size. Part F—Indian Camping pre-1890 In the years after 1862, an itinerant Paiute Indian band (the Shivwits), whose homeland was in the mountains north of the Grand Canyon regularly frequented St. George (J. K. Hillers photograph with J. W. Powell, 1873). In 1875, the Mormons baptized the majority of the Shivwits band, proclaimed them brothers and gave them an area to farm along the Santa Clara River. (1875 photograph by C. R. Savage). In the photo above taken near Sandtown Park, note J. W. Powell on the left with an unfilled sleeve (arm lost in Civil War), and the two Mormon trees, planted alongside the Diagonal Street ditch. The Shivwits had bargained with the large livestock operators that moved onto the Arizona Strip during the 1880s and received compensation for the use of their traditional watering holes by herds of sheep and cattle. By 1890, the Shivwits were regularly stealing cattle according to both the stockmen and the Mormons. Newly elected Mayor Anthony Ivins, son of St. George’s original surveyor and doctor, Israel Ivins, undertook a campaign to remedy the quarrelsome situation. Part G—Indian Farm Purchase on Santa Clara River 1890 After arresting some of those who stole cattle, Anthony Ivins and the Mormons negotiated with the Shivwits band whose leaders agreed that they would cease their thievery, if they had a good Indian farm, farming implements and supplies. In 1890, Ivins bought what was known as the McNeil farm (near present day Shem) for them, afterwards in 1891, the Federal government added the Conger farm and the Woodbury place creating the Shivwits Indian Farm. Anthony Ivins was appointed special agent to the Indians to supervise the arrangement. An Indian School was established there in 1899, funded by Tate and Federal appropriations. Teachers were recruited with the aid of the Presbyterian mission to Utah. The Shivwits claim to water from the Santa Clara river was not settled until 2003. Part H—Woolley, Lund and Judd Copper Smelter 1890 Also in 1890, the mercantile firm of Woolley, Lund and Judd wished to construct a copper smelter complete with water-jacketed blast furnaces, in St. George to process ore from the Dixie Mine. This venture would create a number of paying jobs for area residents. The City of St. George provided land for the copper smelter at the head of Diagonal Street. Water for the operations was provided from West Spring. The 25-ton smelter was operated profitably during 1891, 1892, 1893, 1894 and intermittently until 1899. In 1900, Dixie copper mine was sold to Jean F. Webb, representing eastern interests. Webb offered to pipe the Cottonwood canal water from its source at the base of the Pine Valley mountains, in exchange for the use of West Spring to increase the power for the existing smelter. The proposition was rejected by the Town Council. The Utah and Eastern Copper company built a new 100-ton smelter at Shem in 1900, managed by Charles Doolittle. Part I—Dodge’s Pond one of the partners with Woolley, Lund and Judd in the Dixie mine and smelter operation was Dodge, who may have been the smelter manager. The pond was located north of the smelter. It was probably originally constructed to hold waterrequired for use in the smelter operations. The pond was later used for boating and swimming as you can see in the photo. Part J—Ice Plant and Ice Company 1907 When, Edward H. Snow, son of Erastus Snow, was called to serve as St. George stake president in 1901, he set goals to establish a high school, bring electricity to town, set up a water system and get an ice plant. In 1907, the St. George Ice Company was incorporated with $10,000 capital stock by E. H. Snow, George F. Whitehead, S. Snow and others. Since an ice plant would need a reliable source of clean, clear water, it was located near West Spring, probably near the prior copper smelter. At the time, ice making was accomplished through the use of large steam driven compressors like those made by Frick Company of Pennsylvania. These “plate” plants made ice in huge sheets, weighing several tons, which required about a week to freeze. Air was bubbled through the water to agitate it and make the ice clear. Part K—St. George Civilian Conservation Corps Camp 1930s Birds-eye views of the layout and buildings at the St. George CCC Camp. Part L—Dixie Red Hills Golf Course Heber J. Grant, President of the LDS Church, along with Mormon Apostle and St. George native Anthony Ivins, suggested building a golf course in the 1930s. County attorney and Utah State Senator, orval Hafen, urged building a golf course to attract winter visitors, in the 1950s. But the frugal Dixie farmers had no time to play golf. It was not until 1960 that Sid Atkin, then president of the chamber of commerce, his brother Joe and businessman Neal Lundberg worked with golf professional Ernie Schneitter to locate a nine-hole course on the City owned land near West Spring. The City needed to acquire additional water rights and sell revenue bonds to finance the course construction. The Elks Club and the Lions Club donated labor to build both the holes and the clubhouse. Gene Schneitter, Ernie’s son, became the golf pro. Dixie Red Hills opened as a municipal course in the summer of 1964, to become St. George’s first golf course. Part M—Sunstone Condominiums Sunstone, St. George’s first condominium project was completed in 1974 on land immediately south of the Dixie Red Hills golf course accessed from 700 West street. It is a 64-unit project with a swimming pool and clubhouse executed in a California contemporary style. Part N—Red Cliffs National Conservation Area Through the omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009, Congress designated the Red Cliffs National Conservation Area in Washington County, Utah. Land owned by the City of St. George since 1875, when the first patents of federal land were made, is included within the boundaries of the NCA. The conservation boundary does not include the golf course, portions of the original sandstone quarry nor West Spring, but does embrace the cliffs overlooking town to the east of 700 West. The conservation area is sometimes called the Tortoise Preserve, due to the fact that desert tortoise are among the species found in this area. The federal legislation that led to the creation of the conservation area was sponsored by United States Senator Bob Bennett (R-UT) and United States Representative Jim Matheson (D-UT) in 2006. It was originally known as the Washington County Growth and Conservation Act. The St. George Sandstone Quarry The Red Sandstone Quarry is an important historic site. For a decade and a half, stones from the quarry were used in building the LDS Tabernacle, the LDS Temple,the County Courthouse, the Washington Cotton Factory, the Woodward School, and many other early structures. Part A—The Quarry The Quarry itself consists of two parcels of land to the south and west of the 5th tee and putting green of the Red Hills Golf Course. Remnants of quarry activity are visible, although the far southern part of the quarry is not accessible; however, it can be viewed from the cliff above it on the owens Loop Trail, where a plaque describes the area. Few if any pictures of the original quarry actually exist. This picture of the current quarry shows the results of years of wear and erosion, but it also reveals the scenic aspects of the area as well. Part B—Location of the Quarry The quarry is approximately two miles from the LDS Tabernacle and the downtown area of St. George. The quarry may be visited by walking along the pathway from the entry at 700 West and Diagonal Street to the Monument situated on the Quarry site. The first golf course—the Dixie Red Hills—may be viewed and the surrounding hills and cliffs may also be observed from the quarry Site. The quarry nestles in the cliffs just south of the Red Hills Golf Course. Today, the cutter’s work can be inspected to see the distinctive marks of each craftsman. old imers claim that they can attribute specific stones to each cutter by their special tool marks. The local weather and clean air have preserved the stones so that almost anyone can distinguish the markings. Part C—Actions at the Quarry In 1863, an article about the quarry appeared in the Salt Lake Herald newspaper and explained that “120 hands consisting of quarry stone-cutters and fitters, blacksmiths and other helpers were all busy along the one-mile quarry front, with teams hauling fifty tons of rock cut daily. The quarry was a very interesting place to visit, where the fine, smooth seam-face of rock, the sound of the hammer, the thump of the bar, the rattle of drills, and the click of scores of picks and chisels made music in a business way. Rock from the quarry was used to build the Tabernacle” (DeMille, 1977). Part D—References to the Quarry Research on history of the QuaRRy. Douglas Alder, a local historian who has written histories of this area, agreed to meet with Pace, the coordinator of the Quarry Project, and attempt to locate some references to the Sandstone Quarry in histories of the St. George area. Alder did some preliminary searches and was unsuccessful in locating any direct references to the quarry. They met and talked about sources and agreed that searching the Annals of the Southern Utah Mission written by James G. Bleak might be the most credible and profitable source of information about the quarry. They met at the Dixie State University library in the Holland Building on Tuesday, December 29, 2015, at 1:00 pm and studied the Bleak Annals together. Alder had arranged for the Annals—two books, A and B—to be available , so as Pace and Alder arrived, the files were on a table. Glenn Harris, part time curator, arrived and confirmed the availability of two copies of the Annals. Pace and Alder each studied Book A, Alder from the front toward the center and Pace from the center to the end. In about an hour, they had identified only four indirect references to the Quarry, and copies of each page, where references occurred, were made. Alder had other commitments, but Pace continued to review Book A for other references, and completed it just at closing time. So, he arranged for Harris to have Book B available for review on Wednesday at 12:30. Pace arrived at the Dixie State Library at 12:35 pm and was admitted to Special Collections by a library staff person, indicating that Harris was out for a while. Pace recognized the Annals and explained that he was authorized to study Book B. The attendant allowed Pace to take the volume to a table where he studied Book B for an hour and a half. At that time, Pace found only four indirect references to the quarry, which Harris, who had returned to the office, copied for him. Harris explained to Pace that he had been in touch with Heber Jones, a local resident with strong historical interests. In 1974, Heber had interviewed Moroni McArthur, a person who, as a young man, had worked as a helper in the Quarry. Jones had made a tape recording of the interview and placed it in Special Collections where it was copied electronically. Harris agreed to make a copy for Pace if he could provide a “thumb” drive. Pace had a “drive” at home, so he returned to his truck and drove to the Southgate area of town and picked up a drive and returned to the University where Harris made him a copy. It was, by then, almost closing time, so Pace returned home with the copied pages and the thumb drive. The Tabernacle. First references to a red sandstone quarry in St. George appear in connection with the construction of the LDS Tabernacle, considered to be the first building in the area to use sandstones from the quarry. In a record of activities of the Southern Utah Mission kept by James G. Bleak, Clerk of the Southern Utah Mission for more than 35 years, called the Annals, Bleak recorded that: “on the 9th of January [1862], President Erastus Snow suggested that the people assembled in St. George Valley erect a stone building to be used by the citizens of St. George for educational and social purposes, and that we unite our labor and means according to our ability to carry on this work to completion at the earliest practicable date, so that this public building may be the first building to be finished in this St. George Valley” (p. 76, Book A, 1862). Erastus Snow conducted a conference in April of 1862 and James Bleak wrote that “President Snow adjourned the Conference on the last Saturday in May and gave notice that on the 1st day of June, President Brigham young’s birthday, the foundation stones of the new meeting house will be laid” (Book A, Annals, p. 118). On Saturday, March 22, 1862, in reporting activities associated with a local conference, James Bleak wrote: “The assemblage then adjourned from the Bowery to the site chosen for the St. George Hall, where the foundation stones were laid . . . .” “Thus,” Bleak observed, “was commenced the erection of the Hall, to be erected agreeable to the covenant of the uplifted hands of the people, made while in camp, in tents and wagon boxes, that the first house they would erect in the new city should be a public hall for religious and educational purposes (Bleak, Annals, Book A, 1860, p. 92). The Annals kept by James Bleak record a note that “1st of June, President Brigham young’s 62nd birthday. Pursuant to notice given at the close of the March Conference, the corner stones of the St. George Tabernacle were laid this day. Apostles orson Pratt, Amasa N. Lyman, and Erastus Snow officiating, assisted by the High Council and Bishops and by Edward L. Parry, Chief Mason (p. 120). On October 25, 1862, Brigham young wrote a letter to Erastus Snow of St. George and explained, “As I have already informed you, I wish you and the brethren to build, as speedily as possible, a good, substantial, commodious, well furnished, meeting house; one large enough to comfortably seat at least 2000 persons, and that will not be only useful, but also an ornament to your city, and credit to your energy and enterprise” (Bleak, Annals, Book A, p. 99). Work at the quarry proceeded with due diligence during December 1862 and January 1863, with instructions to “hold yourself in readiness, with our Ward, to respond to any such calls as may be made from time to time, by the building committee, to furnish team work and common labor, in connection with this City and Santa Clara Ward, in hauling rocks, tending mason, etc., as may from time to time be required . . . .” (Bleak, Annals, Book A, p. 123). James Bleak recorded that “on Wednesday, 10th of February 1863, Elder Lewis Robbins met instant death by being crushed under a mass of rock while quarrying at the red sandstone bluff, north of St. George City” (Bleak, Annals,Book A, p. 130). Barnum and Peine (1999) reported that “while quarrying there [sandstone quarry] a large boulder came rolling down the hill, hitting and killing him [Robbins].” A type-written paper attributed to the Work Projects administration (WPA)reported that “This quarry was located byNephi Fawcett who built his house of the stone material.” The paper also commented on the death of Robbins: “Mr.Robbins sacrificed his life for the building while prying a huge stone loose, for they had no power to aid them, it suddenly began sliding down the hill, and in his hurry to get out of its way, tripped and fell in its path, and was crushed to death beneath its enormouos weight. Fortunately this was the only death that occurred during the erection of the building [Tabernacle], tho many of the workmen had narrow escapes from injury” (p. 1). Sometime during 1863 and 1864, construction work on the Hall was suspended, and late in the year, Erastus Snow spoke at a conference in which “He called upon Quarry men and stone cutters, masons, and laborers to be ready to respond to a call to resume work on the St. George Tabernacle; and to ask the people of the settlements outside of St. George to be on hand to haul their tithing produce with which to pay those who shall work on the building. A vote being called to find if the people were willing to sustain their Bishops and presiding elders in forwarding the work of building the Tabernacle, and whether the workmen would be energetic in prosecuting the work, received a hearty affirmative response“ (Bleak,Annals, Book B, p. 233). In 1864, Bleak reported in the Annals that “our Tabernacle begins to make a respectable show. The basement story finished, and the main floor timbers willsoon be in their places. Work [was] also progressing upon the Court House” (Book B, p. 268). The Court House was also being constructed using stones from the Sandstone Quarry. The Sandstone Quarry has played a major, important, central role in the St. George community. Apparently, sufficient progress had been made on the construction of the St. George Hall that Bleak recorded in the Annals that the High Council approved a motion indicating that “we give the Pres [Brigham young] and Company a party in St. George Hall on Friday eve at 6 o’clock and on Saturday eve (15th and 16th September,” 1865). Brigham young left Salt Lake City on September 4, holding meetings enroute, arriving in St. George on 15 September 1865 (Bleak, Annals, p. 190). Bleak (Annals) reported that “the first public meeting held in the new meetinghouse of St. George was held in the basement on the afternoon of Saturday, the 20th of March, 1869” (Book B, p.291). On June 10, 1871, Bleak reported in the Annals that, “At High Council today, it was announced that the President of the Church had given authority to President Erastus Snow to use the Tithing at Beaver Ward and of all the Wards South in finishing the St. George Tabernacle . . . .” (Book A, p. 103). Saturday, December 30, 1871, Bleak reported in the Annals that “the last shingle was laid on the roof of the Tabernacle this afternoon” (Book A, p. 134). The Washington County Chapter of the Daughters of Utah Pioneers explained that “the walls of the building [Tabernacle or Meeting Hall] were of vermillion sandstone obtained at a rock quarry three miles distant, to the southeast of the west city springs . . . . The quarry was under the supervision of Archibald McNeil, a skilled Scotch quarryman. He was assisted by Hector McQuarrie as blacksmith and tool sharpener, and a large group of helpers. . . . The stone cutting was done by William Fawcett, Charles L. Walker, Wilson Lund, George Brooks, and others . . . . All of this work was under the direct supervision of Edward L. Parry, chief stone cutter” (Under Dixie Sun, 1950, p. 329). Brown (1993) provides the most extensive explanation of the use of the sandstone quarry. He wrote that “The walls of the building [Tabernacle] were of vermillion sandstone obtained at a rock quarry three miles distant to the southeast of the west city springs. Here, great slabs of rock, often too large to load on wagons, must be moved by chaining to poles on the running gears and carried between the front and rear wheels of the wagon, the three miles from where the rocks were obtained. This work required the use of all the large mule teams available” (p. 339). Arrington (1993), quoting a toast to Archibald McNeil after the Tabernacle construction was completed, reported that “The solid rocks had to give way before them and the mountains have had to be removed because of their [quarry workers] faith and works. May their bodies be like steel to endure hardship and their faith ever continue, and may they ever feel that their yoke is easy and their burden light, and may the noble McNeil outlive all his troubles and the enemies of zion, and may he do good execution with his last blast or shot” (p. 3). Further reference to the construction of the St. George Hall, as the current Tabernacle was called, appeared in Andrew Jenson’s Encyclopedia of Latter-Day Saint History (1941): “The St. George tabernacle is a most beautiful structure, built of native sandstone taken from a quarry in the vicinity, the rocks being cut and dressed into uniform sizes.” More recently,yorgason, Schmutz, and Alder (2013) observed that “a sandstone quarry on the north slope of the Red Hill north of town furnished stone for the walls of the courthouse and Tabernacle and could do the same for the temple” (p. 83). In addition to the death of Lewis Robbins on the 10th of February 1863, yorgason,et al, also reported that, “shortly after conference, however, an unexpected accident at the tabernacle nearly spelled disaster for the project. on Saturday 12 October 1874 [this may have been in 1864, since the Tabernacle was completed in 1871] . . . . Miles Romney . . . while working on the St. George Tabernacle . . . fell from a ladder, breaking one of his arms and one of his legs. His injuries were very serious. Indeed . . . his age of 68 years being against him, and he being a heavy bodied man, the shock to his system in addition to the breaking of his bones, must have been very great and much against him” (p. 150). The Robbins and Romney accidents may have precipitated the suspension of work on the Tabernacle in 1864, although work resumed in 1865. A geological survey (1993) confirmed the existence of sedimentary sandstone in St. George used to construct monuments and red standstone for use in construction. The Temple. “An item in The Deseret News of December 12th, [ca 1871] states that ‘by dispatch from St. George we learn that President Brigham young and George A. Smith, visited and inspected the quarry and the Temple yesterday,December 11th, and that the health of both was good. Three hundred tons of rocks were laid on the walls of the Temple last week’” (p. 512). N. B. Lundwall (1914) explained that “the red sandstone was being secured just around the west point of the red hill north of St. George” (pp. 79 – 80). An article in the Improvement Era (date unknown) noted that “The basement, or lower story, [of the St. George Temple] is of volcanic stone from the black rock quarry west of town. The two upper stories are made of red sandstone, the whole plastered with lime mortar and whitewash”. James B. Allen and Glen M. Leonard (1976) observed that “The first Utah temple to be completed, however, was in St. George. Ground was broken in November 1871, and construction soon began. The workers opened rock quarries, hauled timber eighty miles, and donated one day in ten as tithing labor” (p. 377). Janice Force DeMille (1977) reported in her book called The St George Temple: First 100 Years, that, “with reinforced numbers of men to work on the Temple, progress was steady. In addition to this work, which took place on the Temple Block, there was also much activity at the quarry and the sawmill. . . . Just north of the city, red sandstone was quarried for use on the Temple. Regarding the construction of the LDS Temple, Reid (1964) explained that “the upper walls of the Temple are built of red sandstone, which was secured from a quarry north of the City” (p. 236). Reid also quotes from the Millennial Star (Vol 7, 5 January 1875), “About 100 men are at work in the quarry . . . The walls of this temple [St. George] are between 30 and 40 feet high, and the work is first-class masonry, every stone being well laid on its natural bed” (p. 163). Woodward School. Brown (1993) also mentions the construction of the Woodward School. It was “commenced in 1897 and completed in 1901. This building was planned for a brick structure . . . John Eardley, the potter, who was familiar with the deposit of clay, was of the opinion that there was no materials to be obtasined that was suitable for such a large building . . . the final decision was to build it of the same materials as was used in the Tabernacle . . . .” (p. 333). Opening the Quarry for Visits and Study Part A—Dixie Encampment Chapter, Sons of Utah Pioneers 2010 The Dixie Encampment Chapter scheduled a trek to the quarry on Saturday, September 18, 2010. Approximately 22 individuals made the walk across the rugged expanse from the Red Hills Golf Course maintenance entry to the quarry. Pictures were taken and a report written and published in the Spectrum, the local newspaper. However, time passed and interest waned and the chapter settled into inactivity throughout 2011 and 2012. Nevertheless, in the fall of 2012, officers were selected and a regular pattern of meetings occurred. A Director of Markers and Monuments was selected, and 2013 showed promise for pursuing the quarry project. 2013 The Director of Markers and Monuments began a serious exploration into how the Sandstone Quarry could be opened for visitations by the public. Meetings were held with St. George City managers who had interests in the quarry area,such as the golf course and leisure services. The BLM and the National Desert Tortoise Reserve were also consulted about access to the quarry, with the results suggesting strongly that the prohibitions were almost insurmountable. Nevertheless, the Chapter President, Wayne Pace, felt that the original plan of creating a pathway to the quarry--so that visitors would have direct access to the remaining stones—should continue to be pursued. Part B—Civilian Conservation Corp Statue Mounting a statue of a CCC Worker in the area proposed for the entry to the pathway to the quarry has a long history. As long ago as 30 September 2011, Dr. Kenneth Baldridge, who had just completed serving as the coordinator of the national CCC Legacy convention held in St. George September 22-25, 2011, wrote to Richard Kohler with a copy to Pace, asserting that he had just heard that the Sunstone Condo Association might be interested in donating some money to erect a CCC Worker statue on their property at the entrance to the Red Hills Golf Course maintenance area. Baldridge explained that placing a statue in that location was appropriate because camp SE-213, one of the original camps in Washington County, and later camp DG-45, were situated in that area. The CCC had received donations of around $4,000 for that purpose, and additional money was being solicited. 2014 Part C—Decisions, about Moving Ahead with Project, Stalled In February of 2014, because progress seemed stalled, Pace drafted a set of guidelines and specific actions that could be taken to secure permissions and approvals to construct the pathway and open the quarry for public visitation. They included securing approval from the City to construct a pathway from the entrance to the golf club maintenance area on 700 West Street to the north quarry area and construct a monument with interpretive plaques along the quarry. A trek was approved for members of the Dixie Encampment Chapter of the SUP to walk the proposed pathway and see the quarry where the monument and interpretive plaques could be erected. To pay for certain expenses, such as for a stone mason to construct pillars at the entrance and a major monument at the quarry and plaques throughout the quarry, a fundraising committee should be organized to raise funds. Volunteers could be invited to grade the pathway and erect the plaques; this might also involve boy scouts seeking to complete Eagle Scout requirements. Part D—Continuing Disagreements The Director of Markers and Monuments had proposed erecting a monument on the owens Loop Trail in order to avoid issues associated with crossing over the tortoise habitat to get to the quarry. Being designated as an endangered species area would require securing approvals from several sources. Although placing the monument at the quarry seemed like a more plausible choice, the Director was skeptical and continued to pursue the idea of placing the monument on the already established owens Loop Trail. The owens Loop Trail started at the Brooks Water Park at the head of Main Street and rose to the top of a cliff overlooking the City to the south. It also permitted a view of one aspect of the quarry from the top of the cliff. Materials to build a monument would be hand-carried along the Owens Loop Trail and the monument erected on the cliff. Visitors could look down into the southern part of the quarry. Lettering for a plaque for the monument and preliminary arrangements for its manufacture were made. The National office of the Sons of Utah Pioneers was contacted about supporting the marker and monument, and it issued a plaque number for purposes of identification. The final task would be to organize a dedication ceremony and invite select guests to attend. The Coordinator, nevertheless, decided to trace the movements of the Director of Markers and Monuments and attempt to determine whether the Owens Loop Trail was the best or only approach to complete the Sandstone Quarry Project. He met with key City officials, representatives of the Tortoise Reserve, the plaques manufacturer, golf course managers, the Manager of Leisure Services, and Bob Owens himself. The distinct impression he had was that no one had actually approved the Owens Loop proposal and City officials were open to alternative ideas. The Desert Tortoise Reserve officials had approved placing a marker on the Owens Loop Trail, provided everything to erect a monument was hand-carried onto the site. otherwise, they had pretty much dismissed the project. They said that if we didn’t step on Tortoise Reserve land, they had no concern. He retraced his steps and cancelled all tentative agreements: for example, a tentative order for a plaque was dropped and continuing meetings with city officials were resumed. On Saturday March 22, 2014, the Coordinator and a cooperative neighbor, who had a 100-foot tape measure, drove to the entrance of the golf maintenance area, walked through an opening, and measured the distance from the entry to the likely location of the potential monument. This was to help determine the amount of netting to protect those on the pathway from errant golf balls, and to allay concerns that the path could be too long for a comfortable walk. Our measurements indicated that the distance was 1,954 feet; a later survey placed the quarry at approximately the same distance or around one-third of a mile. Regretfully, much of the time during Chapter meetings from January through March of 2014 was devoted to presentations about the alternate proposals by the past president and the director of markers and monuments, resulting in some acrimonious accusations. To move beyond these debates, on 24 March 2014, the Coordinator presented six parliamentary motions designed to reduce discussion and resolve issues: It was moved 1. that the Dixie Encampment Chapter proceed to complete arrangements to place a marker at the site of the St. George Sandstone Quarry located on property owned by the City of St. George just to the south of the Red Hills Golf Course. The City has agreed to have their rock masons construct an appropriate stone monument to hold the marker. A wording for the marker is attached. 2. that a path be constructed to the Quarry beginning at the entrance of the Red Hills Golf Course maintenance area on City property between the golf course and the Tortoise Reserve, but on City property. 3. that a covered walkway be installed over the path to prohibit any endangerment from potential golf balls and those walking on the path. 4. that an appropriate opening and entrance to the pathway be constructed at the entrance to the maintenance area. It could be similar to the entrance to the volcanic quarry area often referred to as the Temple Quarry. The City has agreed to assist us in creating the entry. 5. that the entire pathway, with a marker at the entrance, be named the “Creed Evans Path to the Quarry” to recognize the enormous effort put into this project by Dr. Evans. 6. that the Dixie Encampment Chapter members organize a fundraising program to cover expenses associated with construction of the marker, the pathway, the screened covering of the pathway, and the entrance to the pathway. However, a. An anonymous donor has agreed to pay for the marker. b. The City has agreed to pay for the stone monument and the structure at the entrance to the pathway. c. The chapter would need to finance the path and the screen covering where needed. However, a local construction company might be convinced to provide the screen and install it. Planning and Approval Processes Part A—Initial Approvals by Dixie Encampment Chapter The motions were seconded and discussed, but an alternative motion was proposed and, subsequently, accepted on a vote of those present. It involved,essentially, approving the principle of the six motions, plus approval to erect a descriptive plaque on the owens Loop Trail. It did appear that the Chapter had come to agreement on how to proceed. At that time, the Coordinator of the Pathway to the Quarry Project was appointed. Nevertheless, the Director of Markers and Monuments persisted in opposing the plan and made presentations at Chapter meetings throughout the summer arguing that the owens Loop venue was a better approach to the project. Having information about the length of the pathway, it was estimated that about 200 feet of netting would be needed, so the Coordinator submitted a request for a bid to purchase the needed netting to a local contractor who specialized in installing golf course netting to protect houses. However, before he could submit a bid, the City Manager of Support Services requested that the Chapter hire a surveyor to determine the exact location of the pathway and the distance to the monument. A City Councilman later determined that a sloping walkway up from the golf course to the upper level should be created, alleviating any need for netting, so that part of the project was suspended. The Coordinator, then, wrote to his son, who lived in Las Vegas and was a professional graphic artist, and asked him to prepare a sketch of a pathway with some covered area and send him a few pictures on his computer so that select individuals could be shown what the pathway might look like. He agreed andwithin a few weeks, pictures of a pathway were created on a computer and printed to show people a potential pathway. At about the same time, the Coordinator and a grandson, who lived in St George, walked the pathway, taking pictures of the current status of the pathway. The result was a group of pictures showing areas covered with shrubbery, slopes, and cliffs so that individuals and groups could see what difficulties were to be overcome in order to complete the pathway. Part B—Approval of Civilian Conservation Corps Worker Statue On Sunday, March 30, 2014, the Coordinator wrote to his CCC contact and observed that he had just come across a note about erecting a CCC statue at the Sunstone Condos, right at the gate to the golf course maintenance area. He explained that the Sons of Utah Pioneers were in the throes of preparing a plan to open a pathway to the sandstone quarry where stones to construct the walls for nearly all of the main buildings in downtown St. George were taken. He noted that the opening into the golf course was right at the Sunstone Condos where the CCC camp was located. At 4:08 a. m. on Monday, March 31, 2014, the CCC representative confirmed his suspicions: “I think the site of the St. George camp would be an excellent place for the statue.” He noted that to place the statue on the historic path to the quarry would enhance both projects, but that two monuments or statues should not be too close together to avoid giving the impression that the CCC built the St. George buildings. He concluded by saying that “your selection is my current choice, so go for it.” At 10:16 a.m., Pace replied to Baldridge and explained that he couldn’t find any information about CCC statues in his files and asked several questions such as “Who has to give approval to place the statue? Do you have a description,picture, and forms associated with establishing a statue? What could you send me for a meeting with the St. George City Council to get approval for the project?” At 1:21 p.m. on Saturday, April 5, 2014, Baldridge wrote to Pace and explained that “tomorrow you should receive a photo of a CCC worker statue as well as some information that may of help. The more I think about it, the more I like your idea. I want that statue, if I have to pay for it myself.” He concluded by asserting that “you have been a real ‘doer’ ever since I’ve known you. Anyway, between your enthusiasm and the contacts you have, we should see that statue in the near future.” At 11:01 on Sunday, April 6, 2014, Pace replied to Baldridge and explained that on Thursday, April 10, he was to meet with LoAnne Barnes and Richard Kohler in preparation for a meeting with the City Council, and we could use all the financial commitments possible, just to make the Council happy. At 11:01 on Monday, April 7, 2014, Baldridge wrote to Pace concerning additional funding for the CCC Worker statue, but remarked that “if the City Council asks,tell them: yes, we’ll pay for it.” On Wednesday, July 23, 2014, Joan Sharpe, President of the CCC Legacy Association, wrote to both Ken Baldridge and Pace and explained that there was a lot of information about CCC statues on their website, including ordering information, installation examples, and diagrams. She also provided information about D&D Enterprises, the company that handled the sale of the statue and made arrangements with the studio that does the casting. Immediately after receiving the email from Sharpe, Pace went on line and printed pages of information about the CCC Worker Statue, which he placed in a folder for easy access. On Thursday, July 24, 2014, at 1:00 pm, Melissa Heidenga of D&D Enterprises responded to an inquiry by Pace about the cost of a CCC statue. She quoted a price of $22,600 plus shipping costs. It appeared that the full cost for the statue would be around $25,000, so that was the figure that went into financial estimates of the cost of the entire project. Later, at 3:35 p.m., Melissa emailed the size of the statue—6 feet in height and weighing 350 pounds. Pace replied to Melissa’s question about where the statue was to be shipped, indicating that it would be to a former CCC site in St. George, Utah. At 9:55 a.m. on Friday, July 25, 2014, Melissa sent an email to Pace indicating that the company hadn’t realized that the CCC Legacy had quoted us a price of $21,000 for the statue, and they would honor that price, so that saved $1600 in raising funds. On May 11, 2014, Pace reported to the President- Elect of the Dixie Encampment Chapter of the SUP on some progress that he was making on the project. Pace had met with a member of the City Council, showed him some of the pictures, and explained the plan; the Councilman responded enthusiastically and assured him of his support. The President of the Washington County Historical Society reviewed the pictures and explained the project to some society members and indicated enthusiastic support from them; the Society President was interested in the Civilian Conservation Corps, and the plan included a statue of a CCC Worker, which immediately drew his support. Pace reported that he had not encountered any resistance from City officials. June was a slack month with many people on vacation and traveling, but Pace pursued more detailed plans so that by July, the project could be advanced more quickly. He began the process of laying plans to raise funds to pay for the project. He was reluctant to raise the issue of funds with the chapter, so he decided to see if he could identify some key people and raise the funds himself. Part C—Initial Contact about Plaques On July 1, 2014, Pace contacted the President of the Cotton Mission Chapter about a plaque they had erected marking the historic Harrisburg Pioneer Cemetery, and he was advised to contact John Peters of Interpretive Graphics, 3590 Summerhill Drive, Salt Lake City, Utah 84121, who was the company contracted by the National Society of the Sons of Utah Pioneers to provide plaques for their projects. That same day, Pace called John Peters and explained what the Chapter was attempting to accomplish and asking for any assistance Peters could provide. He was very pleased with the call and asked when the two of them could talk in more detail. It was agreed to talk by telephone at 3 pm on that same day. Pace gathered tentative information and in the conversation provided available information. The next day, July 2, Pace received a cost estimate for the plaques of $3,981. Part D—Inquiry about City Approval On Saturday, July 12, 2014, Pace wrote to Gary Esplin, City Manager, concerning “the status of decisions” about the sandstone quarry project. Pace indicated that the SUP chapter was meeting on Saturday July 12, and he wanted to report on the status of the plans. Esplin did not reply until July 22, and simply explained that he would contact Colby Cowan, golf courses manager, and get back to Pace when Cowan returned from vacation, probably the first of August. on July 29, Colby Cowan sent Pace an email asking for a time when he and Pace could meet and walk the pathway to the quarry. He said he had been waiting for the Director of Markers and Monuments to make contact with him; however, Pace had cancelled all prior decisions, so he replied, suggesting that they meet on Tuesday August 5, 2014, and that the incoming President of the SUP Chapter would also attend the meeting. The President-elect had already walked the pathway and concurred in the proposed plan. Part E—Application for National SUP Approval On Monday, 14 July 2014, Pace completed and submitted a formal application to complete the project to the National Society of the Sons of Utah Pioneers’Director of Markers and Monuments, Stewart Radmall. Part F—Initial Approvals for the Project The first part of August, Pace arranged a visit to the Quarry with Paul Lillywhite, the stone mason who had been selected to build the entry and monument, and asked him to prepare a three-dimensional drawing of a potential entry. On Tuesday, August 5, 2014 Pace, Cowan, and Silvester met at the entry to the maintenance area of the golf course and walked the proposed pathway to the quarry. The gate was open and they strolled along the pathway, making comments and observations about the difficulties and obstructions that would need to be overcome. At the end, Cowan seemed pleased with the plan, but had some reservations about golf ball protection at one certain point, where some golfers attempted to drive a ball across an out-of-bounds area across a rocky section of the path. They assured him that all precautions would be taken to prevent any accidents. Part G—Preliminary Sketches of Entry On August 6, 2014, Pace received a modified drawing from the stone mason. On August 7, Pace replied to Lillywhite by email at 11:47 a.m., thanking him for the sketches, but suggesting that some modifications in the drawing might be made in order to more accurately fit the plans for the entry. Pace explained that the entrance should show a self-contained “park-like” area with the CCC worker statue at the left, and two pillars and shrubbery marking the pathway. The shrubbery should block anyone from attempting to walk straight onto the golf course from the entry. on August 10, Lillywhite wrote to Pace, explaining that he was very busy getting ready for his one-man watercolor show in November and that he would be out of town until late october on a work project. Part H—Steps to Complete Quarry Project On August 11, 2014, Pace met with Marc Mortensen, manager of support services, about the status of the quarry project. They talked about the next steps to be taken in order to move ahead with the project. At 5:04 pm, Mortensen sent Pace an email listing eight steps that needed to be completed in order to finish the project. In summary form, they included the following: 1. Gary Flowers, Superintendent of the Red Hills Golf Course, would identify a time in September when Lillywhite and he could locate stones to be used in the entry and in the monument. Pace would contact Lillywhite to call Flowers to arrange a time to meet and prepare for excavation of stones. 2. The Dixie Encampment Chapter of the SUP would hire or arrange for a surveyor to mark and create a GPS (locator) of the proposed pathway as designated by the City Councilman, Gil Almquist, during the earlier pathway walk. 3. SUP representatives (Pace and Silvester) and City Staff (Director of Leisure Services, Park Planning Manager, Golf Courses Manager, Support Services Manager, and the City Manager) must meet and discuss the proposed plan in detail and resolve issues such as parking, landscaping, pathway construction methods, signage, markers, and monument. 4. Mortensen was to arrange to have the Quarry Project placed on the agenda of a City Council work meeting for final approval. 5. After approval by the Council, a work schedule was to be created by the SUP and coordinated with the Golf Course staff members (Flowers and Cowan). 6. A specific date for construction was to be identified. Part I—National SUP Approval On Tuesday, August 12, The National Director of Monuments, L. Stewart Radmall,signed approval of Monument 181, The St George Red Sandstone Quarry Monument. L. Stewart Radmall, National SUP Director of Monuments Part J—Survey of Pathway to the Quarry On Tuesday, August 12, at 9:40 a.m., Pace emailed Mortensen, Manager of Support Services, and asked him for the names of a few potential surveyors. He replied at 9:52 a.m. with names of three surveying firms. Pace selected the Rosenberg & Associates and at around 10 am, he called them and talked with Michael Draper, one of the associates. He talked pleasantly and openly and at the end of the conversation he agreed to volunteer to complete the survey and mark the pathway as a donation to the project. They agreed to meet at around 1:00 pm in the afternoon. Pace immediately called Gil Almquist, a city councilman, and Bill Silvester, President-elect of the Dixie Encampment Chapter to meet him and Draper and walk the pathway while Draper surveyed and marked the path. They all agreed and assembled at the entry to the maintenance of the golf course. Mike had all the equipment and Pace walked the entire distance with him, assisting Draper in placing flags to mark the pathway. Silvester and Almquist were assigned to locate a place where the path could rise from the golf course level to the quarry level; they walked over the cliffs and designated a place where a switch-back path could be created and Draper surveyed and marked the location with flags. 13 August 2014, at around 4 pm in the afternoon, Draper sent Pace an electronic version of the results. Pace called Draper and informed him his computer couldn’t print the map, so Draper volunteered to print half-a-dozen copies, and later in the afternoon, Pace drove to Rosenberg’s office and picked up the copies. An entry in the lower right-hand part of the map indicated that “This exhibit was prepared as a courtesy at the request of Mr. Wayne Pace,representative of the Sons of Utah Pioneers. All proposed trail alignment geometry and associated features were field located from visual observation as directed by Mr. Pace on an August 12, 2014 site visit. This exhibit is intended to act as a visual presentation of the proposal trail. No site design, access, use agreement or other considerations have been performed in conjunction with this exhibit.” Sunday, 17 August, 2014, Pace wrote to Marc Mortensen indicating that all of the requirements stipulated had been met, and that we could meet with the City Staff on any Tuesday or Thursday and in the afternoon on any Monday, Wednesday, or Friday. Monday, 18 August, 2014 Marc Mortensen wrote to Pace that they could meet on Wednesday August 20, 2014. on the same day, Paul Lillywhite emailed Pace a tentative diagram of a potential entry with two pillars, the CCC Worker Statue, and landscaping. Thursday, August 21, 2014, Mike Draper submitted an invoice indicating that the cost of the survey was a donation to the Quarry Project. Part K Agreement with City to take Stones from the South Quarry At 8:43 a.m. on Wednesday, August 13, 2014, Colby Cowan, manager of golf courses, wrote to Marc Mortensen, Manager of Support Services; Pace,coordinator of the Quarry Project; and Kent Perkins, Director of Leisure Services, and explained that he had talked to Gary Flowers, Superintendent of the Red Hills Golf Course and he was willing to assist Paul Lillywhite in getting stones out of the quarry for use in constructing the monument and entry pillars. The best time to do that would be in November or December, after the ground had firmed up for winter. Pace wrote an email to Marc Mortensen on Sunday, August 17, late in the afternoon, and explained that he thought that we were ready to proceed with a meeting of the City Council. He explained that “last Tuesday (August 14, 2014),four of us—Gil Almquist, Mike Draper, Wayne Pace, and Bill Silvester—completed the survey of the Quarry Path. Mike Draper of Rosenberg and Associates, Civil Engineers and Land Surveyors, marked the entire path. I have asked Mike to send you a copy of the GPS report.” Marc was asked to arrange a meeting with the City Staff as soon as possible and Pace and Silvester would attend. Pace explained that “in talking with Gil, it was proposed that City employees do at least two things: 1. Construct a small bridge across what appears to be an irrigation ditch right at the maintenance sheds, and 2. construct the steps/path up the cliff which Gil identified as the preferred location. That change is more than we could handle. Gil said that he thought that would be just fine. Part L—Initial Plans for Publicity & Dedication On Tuesday, August 19, 2014, Paul Lillywhite completed another sketch of a possible design for the entry to the pathway to the quarry and sent it to Pace. At 11:09 a.m. on Tuesday, August 19, Pace wrote to Tom Glade, Communications Director of the Dixie Encampment Chapter of the SUP, and explained that we were nearing completion of the Quarry Project, and that we were to meet with some City Managers on Wednesday August 20 to work out final details. Then, Pace asked Glade, as Communications Director, if he would accept responsibility for preparing the wording and pictures to go on a half-dozen plaques interpreting quarry activities, and prepare publicity materials explaining the project and inviting people to the dedication services, when the date is set? He also asked Glade if he would write a history of the project. Tom replied at 4 p.m. and explained that he was leaving town for two weeks, but he would see what he could do before they left. Pace replied that we would have time when he got back to lay out a plan. In an exchange of emails, a month later, they agreed to meet at 11 a.m. on Thursday, September 25, 2014, to review the plans to write some public announcements and start plans for the dedication. Fundraising and In-kind Donations for the Project Part A—Preliminary Budget Bid from Lillywhite to Construct Entry and Monument. On 3 September 2014, the Quarry Project received a formal bid from Lillywhite Stone to construct two stone columns made from sandstone from the quarry with white mortar, concrete and steel footing and grout, and a monument ready for a plaque at a desired location. Thursday, September 4, 2014, the Quarry Project Coordinator devoted all day to preparing a projected budget for the Quarry Project. It listed the tasks to be completed and estimated costs associated with each task. Including the CCC Worker Statue, the total cost came to a range from $60,400 to $69,700. It was estimated that from $22,200 to $27,500 in cash would need to be raised to cover all expenses, if all estimates were close. Sunday, September 7, 2014, Pace drafted and emailed to all members of the Dixie Encampment Chapter a summary of activities involved with the Quarry Project. He explained that tentative agreement to proceed with construction plans had been received. CCC representatives had ordered the worker statue at a cost of $25,000, and arranged for local residents to erect the statue when the entry had been fully designed and approved. A local surveyor had donated his services to provide a detailed GPS map of the entire pathway, and the City had agreed to build a small bridge across a small ditch and to construct the switch-back path from the golf course to the upper-level of the pathway. The SUP Chapter had received a bid for two large plaques and six smaller ones and posts on which to mount them for around $4,000. The City had authorized the stonemason to retrieve rocks from the Quarry to build the monument and the entry pillars. It was estimated that grading the pathway might cost $9,000. A plan to get donations ranging from $30,000 to $50,000 during a short period of time was under consideration. The project had one donation in the range of $1400, so they had a distance to go. Part B—Contacts with Potential Donors A number of donors preferred to have their contributions considered as anonymous, so it was decided to refer to all contacts anonymously; the names of most donors are listed on the plaque at the entrance to the Pathway to the Quarry, although some donations occurred after the plaque had been completed. As might be expected, most of the donors were reluctant to contribute to a project that had received only tentative approvals to proceed. Nevertheless, the goodwill of pioneer descendants became apparent and adequate funds had been pledged prior to final approvals were received. Prior to the beginning of construction, twenty-two separate financial donations had been received by the Dixie Encampment Chapter. Contributions of materials and services were also received from three organizations and individuals. Five separate groups provided paid services and products, making a total of thirty different sources of contributions. In addition, the Council and staff of St. George City contributed both services and finances to the Quarry Project. Administrators of the Habitat Conservation Program and members of the Technical and Advisory committees devoted hours of deliberations to the project. of course, members of the Dixie Encampment Chapter of the Sons of Utah Pioneers contributed hundreds of hours of volunteer services. Serious FundraiSing. Several preliminary contacts were made with knowledgeable individuals in the community about who to contact and how to approach them. Three key contacts were made and all agreed to make financial donations early in September of 2014. On Tuesday, September 16, 2014, the Project Coordinator began fundraising activities in earnest. Although he had met with a number of knowledgeable individuals and identified a few persons who might be willing to donate to the Quarry Project, he decided to approach a few individuals whom he knew personally. He kept a diary of each contact and a record of each donation. Every contact involved several days of telephone calls to identify a relevant person with whom to visit, and often several visits to other individuals to make arrangements. Each interview involved explaining plans for the project and showing the prospective donor a survey map of the proposed entry, pathway, and monument, and asking donors directly if they would be willing to support the project by making a financial donation. Most contacts asked for time to reflect on the project and arrive at a funding level. Those who donated made financial contributions of hundreds of dollars to thousands of dollars. Each was thanked and advised that they would receive a memento recognizing their donations. All donors expressed appreciation for the opportunity they had to participate in a project that acknowledged the handiwork and efforts of early pioneers who were involved in the quarry. With only a couple of exceptions, donors met their pledges promptly and without concern. Of thirty-six (36) contacts made concerning financial donations, twenty four (24) different individuals or groups eventually made cash contributions, which represented a ratio of about two-thirds to one-third contributing. Most fundraising efforts predict a considerably lower percent of those donating. The fundraising program represented the high regard local citizens had for the dedication of their pioneer ancestors in this area. Escalation of Costs. Near the end of September 2014, the Coordinator of the quarry project wrote emails to three key contributors: (1) The first to Interpretive Graphics in Salt Lake City, in which he explained that the quarry project was very complex and time was needed to develop more clarity on what plaques might be needed to complete the quarry project. It was pointed out that one welcoming plaque, one contributor’s plaque, one plaque for the monument, six interpretive plaques with posts, for a total of nine; potential inscriptions for all of the plaques were attached. Interpretive Graphics provided a new quotation for plaques, raising the price from approximately $3,800 to $7,631. (2) The second to the stone mason, Paul Lillywhite, explaining that fundraising had taken place over the past three weeks and it looked like the Chapter would have enough funds to pay for the quarry project, so plans for the entry to the Pathway needed to be refined. We needed to know that the equipment necessary to secure stones from the quarry for the monument and the entry were available. (3) The third to a key manager at the City which explained that fundraising was about complete and, if everything pledged was collected, the Chapter should be able to cover its major expenses, which included the preparation of nine plaques, including one on the owens Loop Trail, construction of the monument at the quarry site, erection of the plaques, completion of the redesigned entry, including two stone pillars, mounting two plaques on a post and on a rock, and installing the CCC Worker Statue. The email advised that a contractor was ready to grade the pathway, and a number of Eagle Scouts would mount the plaques on posts. It explained that “we’re ready to meet with the City Council as soon as possible” because we had completed all of the items in his memo, and the funds had been collected or pledged. Proposal for Donation of Shrubbery, Trees, and Rocks. At about this same time,a proposal was submitted to a local nursery asking it to donate shrubbery, trees, and possibly rocks to line the entrance to the pathway. It explained that a landscape architect was creating a detailed design right now, and as soon as it was completed, the nursery would get a copy to us in making a donation. However, Park Planning responded to a query about the plan and was told that they had been unable to devote any time to the design of the entry to the pathway, but they would get a draftsman to create a design by November 14. It was also noted that a hedge might not be the best way to control people from walking onto the golf course as it might require a lot of maintenance and some new irrigation infrastructure. Park Planning thought that a crushed rock, chat, pathway lined with some large rocks and boulders with native plantings on them might be better. On october 12, 2014, contact was made with Park Planning staff asking when it would be possible to meet with the City Council for final approval of the quarry project. A reply indicated that Park Planning anticipated having final approval before the end of the year. This reaction was a bit stunning since all of the required approvals had been received, and those working on the quarry project anticipated completing construction before the end of the 2014. On October 15, 2014, a meeting was held with Park Planning staff in which a finished copy of the alternative proposed entry and pathway to the quarry, which consisted of three oversized pages of sketches. The new plan represented an easier design, and one closer to what had originally proposed to the City Council, than the any of the earlier proposals. In fact, the new design was elegant and promised to attract visitors to the quarry. The new plan raised several questions, such as, would the City provide the rock and native plants for the entry? If so, maybe negotiations with the Nursery could be terminated. Park Planning replied immediately and indicated that negotiations with the Nursery should continue, that a list of specific plants and trees and rocks for use at the entry, and the Nursery should be approached about donating a different set of materials. He said that Nurseries tended to carry the chat/gravel and native plants. 2015 It was not until Friday, 9 January 2015, that Park Planning submitted a list of the plants, trees, and rocks that had been designed into the entrance to the pathway. A copy of the list was delivered to the nursery for study and for submitting a donation to the quarry project. Almost immediately the nursery indicated that it would donate half the trees and all the other plants listed for the project, and they would extend contractor pricing to the City for any other supplies needed to complete the project. Projected Costs for Alternate Rntry Plan. At 11:16 am, Tuesday, February 3, Craig Harvey replied to Pace’s inquiry and explained that his document was not a financial plan, but more of a projected estimate of the overall cost of the project. He said that he would set up a meeting during the week of February 10-13, 2015, for Jeff Peay, Marc Mortensen, Pace, and possibly Richard Kohler, to meet at the City Commons Building, rather than at the Millcreek facility, to make the meeting location more convenient. He said that we needed to meet prior to the City Council work meeting so that we were all on the same page regarding the project. On Saturday, February 7, 2015, from 10 am to 12:45 pm, Pace edited and redrafted the pattern of donations to the quarry project and prepared a folder of information for use in the meeting on projected costs of completing the quarry project. On Wednesday February 11, 2015, from 2:30 to 4:00 pm, Pace met with Craig Harvey and Jeff Peay of the Parks Division and Craig presented projected costs of completing the newly design entry to the pathway to the quarry. The cost projections did not take into account any activity beyond the entry, including grading the pathway, constructing the switchback from the golf course to the upper level, grading the path from the switchback to the quarry, construction of the quarry monument, installation of posts and plaques to interpret the quarry, or the installation of the post and plaque on the Owens Loop Trail. Costs for New Entry. The projected cost for just work on the entry came to 94,475.50, It did, nevertheless, take into account the shrubbery, trees and rocks at the entry, which, when donated by a nursery, lowered the cost to $87,132.50. The project coordinator presented his calculations for completing the quarry project, including all donations and the CCC Statue, to be at $51,195. Park Planning personnel said that they did not understand the coordinator’s cost projections since they were focusing only on the entry costs. The difference of almost $50,000 became an issue, but Parks Planning agreed to draft a more conservative projection by reducing the size and quality of the entry, but they still wanted to present the more elegant version to the Council. On Thursday, 12 February, 2015, Quarry Project staff met and reviewed in detail the estimated costs of the entry and concluded that the entry redesign misrepresented the intent of the quarry project and placed the emphasis almost totally on the “park-like” entry rather than on the quarry itself. They concluded that a Quarry staff member would redesign the entry, cut the cost to around $20,000, and have an alternative cost proposal ready for a meeting of the City Council. Part C—Cancellation of the Civilian Conservation Corps Worker Statue On Monday, August 25, 2014, the CCC coordinator issued an email appeal for additional funds to erect the CCC Worker Statue, indicating that Utah was one of only 12 States that did not have a CCC statue. Since the CCC Worker Statue was integral to the beauty and appeal of the pathway entry, constant contact with the coordinator of the CCC Statue was made. The coordinator confirmed that the statue would be ready to ship in November 2014, and that the final payment for the statue had been made. It was agreed that the statue would be placed on a flat base so as not to dominate the area, that the plaque would be placed on the sloping face of a large rock to the left of the statue, that a new wrought iron fence would be installed to the left of the CCC statue, with a lovely gate for entrance to the maintenance area of the golf course, and that a huge hedge would run from the iron fence across the back of the CCC statue and the quarry entrance to prohibit anyone from walking from the entrance across to the golf course. The entrance to the CCC statue and the quarry would represent a concave, half-circle of nicely landscaped property and provide an enchanting visitor’s site, enhancing the beauty of the area. However, the CCC Statue coordinator remarked that “the City should move faster than it has so far,” and that we should “dig in our spurs and keep up the good work.” The CCC coordinator sent a note indicating that he was impressed with the rendering of the entrance and CCC statue site, but that he had some questions about the entire process: When will the City Council approve the whole plan? Will there be a single dedication service for the entire quarry and statue project? Will the base of the CCC statue be completed in time for it to dry for the dedication? He indicated that the CCC statue was finished, but that they were still $6,000 short for paying for it. Could we ask for some money from the City or County to pay off the final costs for the statue? He noted that the CCC statue should arrive sometime after the first of the year and be stored near the quarry entry. Withdrawal of CCC Statue. As soon as the Quarry Project was approved by the City Council in September 2015, the Coordinator returned home and emailed the CCC sponsors, indicating that the Quarry Project had been approved at the City Council and other bodies. The CCC sponsor explained that with the long delays in making decisions about the project, CCC representatives had decided to place the Statue of the CCC Worker at a location in Zion National Park. An application for that purpose had been submitted to the National Parks Service and they were waiting for approval. The Coordinator expressed his disappointment, but said the he was aware that some changes might be made. He immediately informed the City and SUP Chapter members that the CCC Statue would not be included in the Quarry Entryway. Part D—Publicity for the Quarry Project Radio Interview. On October 15th, the Quarry Project Coordinator met with the Communications Director of the SUP about publicity for the quarry project. On Thursday, october 16, 2014, the Communications Director wrote an email to the General Manager of the Cherry Creek Radio, and explained that he was involved with the quarry project and that the chair of the project would love to explain the project to Mike [McGary] in a short block of time. He ended by saying, “Please let me know if this is something you could do.” The next morning, Friday, october 17, 2014, the station manager replied and said that he “would set the chair up with Mike and get back to you about when and what time.” The Communications Director replied and said, “Thank you for your help. [the chair] is a great spokesman . . . . He has worked very hard to get this project put together. He has several very solid backers, but it is time to get the community behind it.” An email from Mike McGary explained that “I have an opening on Monday, october 20 at 8:35 a.m. for a few minutes to meet with the chair on the Quarry story. on Monday, october 20, 2014, the Quarry Project Coordinator met with Mike McGary of KDxU AM at 8:30 a.m. They talked about the Coordinator’s personal background and the quarry project. Mike had taken a few notes, and on the air, he allowed the Coordinator to talk openly about the quarry. Mike seemed genuinely interested as well as surprised at the magnitude of the project. The interview concluded in about ten minutes. Visitor’S Center Participation. On Tuesday, January 27, 2015, the Quarry Project Coordinator met with the newly appointed Directors of the St. George LDS Temple Visitor’s Center where he confirmed that the Center Staff would distribute brochures and promote the Walk to the Quarry and guide visitors to the new entry. Newspaper Feature Story. The Coordinator drove to the Spectrum newspaper and asked to meet with a feature article writer. He was not available, but he called the Coordinator later and agreed to meet with him at 2 p.m. On Wednesday, May 20, 2015, and take a tour of the Pathway to the Quarry and interview Coordinator for a feature article to appear in the Spectrum on Sunday, May 31, 2015. On Wednesday, the Coordinator drove to the maintenance gate of the Red Hills Golf Course where he met Brian Passey. The two of them walked the pathway while the Coordinator explained the project and its importance. Passey asked him to make contact after the Advisory Committee meeting the next week and inform him about the decision of the committee. Passey would be out of town on vacation, but he could be contacted. A feature article was published as agreed. Washington county hiStorical Society walk on the Path. The Quarry Project Coordinator agreed to conduct a walk of the Pathway to the Quarry for the Washington County Historical Society, on Thursday, November 20, beginning at 1:00 p.m. and lasting to approximately 2:30. A relatively large group of around 30 people assembled at the entrance to the golf maintenance area and walked the pathway, with the coordinator explaining approximately where the path would go and what would be included. WCHS members appeared to be in unanimous agreement with the importance of completing the project and with the general plans for accomplishing the goals. Dixie State University intern. Adam Hales, Publicity Intern The arrangements for publicity did not work very well, so at a later date, Pace met with Dr.Erin ortiz, Department of Media Studies, Dixie State University, and selected Adam Hales as a student intern to handle publicity for the Quarry Project. He pursued the goals set and was successful in placing announcements and feature articles in local newspapers (both digital and hard copy) and regularly recorded progress of the project by taking pictures and forwarding them to the project coordinator. He was both efficient and effective in getting publicity for the project. He began his publicity campaign for the Quarry Project with the understanding that he was to generate as much public interest as possible about the project and for the dedication that took place on March 19, 2016.He worked with reporters from the St. George News to produce multiple press releases, as well as a feature article. INside St George Magazine and the Senior Sampler published some articles, and he also created a Facebook Page for the Quarry Pathway. Part E—Extending the Approval Process City Council. On Monday, January 26, 2015, the coordinator inquired from City staff when the quarry project would go on the work agenda for the City Council, noting that we had been waiting since the first of November 2014 for a meeting. Deseret Tortoise Reserve. On Friday, 13 February, 2015, the Quarry Project coordinator met with Park Planning staff where he was presented with a “Google” map of the quarry area. He learned that all of the property on which the Quarry was located was part of the Desert Tortoise Reserve, including the switchback path, and that the Habitat Conservation Program must give its approval of the switchback path and the path to the quarry itself. This was a shock to the coordinator, in that he had definite information that the Reserve ended at the point where the Tortoise fence ended before it approached the golf course or where the switchback path would be constructed. On Tuesday, February 17, 2015, Pace visited the Washington County Habitat Conservation Program and the offices of the Redcliffs Desert Reserve, an agency dedicated to the protection of the desert tortoise and other rare or sensitive species of wildlife, and chatted with the HCP Administrator. He showed the coordinator a map that he had created and printed at the GIS are in the Washington County office Building. The map portrayed all property ownership within the boundaries of the Reserve. As the map was examined, the section of land associated with the Red Hills Golf Course and the Sandstone Quarry were clearly designated as St. George City property. A request for a copy of the map was confirmed and the Coordinator secured a copy of the map. As far as he could tell, the map from the HCP office indicated that the city owned the golf course and quarry properties, and the Reserve and HCP had no interest in them. Confrontational Meeting. Later in the week, the coordinator of the quarry project engaged in a confrontational meeting with Park Planning staff about delays in the quarry project. The coordinator suspected that some sandbagging and collusive maneuvers were part of delays in the Quarry project. Clarification of HCP Jurisdiction. On Tuesday, February 24, 2015,the quarry project coordinator met with City staff members about delays in the quarry project and was informed that it would be necessary to get approval from the HCP technical committee. The City staff had created their own map of the Desert Tortoise Reserve that encompassed the Quarry area showing that it was on Deseret Tortoise property. To clarify this new development, the coordinator drove to the HCP office and met with the Administrator and they examined the map together. They concurred that the Quarry was clearly within the bounds of the City and not owned by the Reserve; however, the Administrator explained a new principle, that the HCP had jurisdiction over the area and the Quarry Project would have to get approval from the Technical Committee in order to enter the reserve area and complete the project. The next meeting of the Technical Committee was scheduled for March 5, 2015. The coordinator agreed to meet with the Technical Committee and explain the quarry project to it. City Council. On Thursday, February 26, 2015, the coordinator drove to City Hall for a meeting of the City Council. The coordinator was invited to explain the status of the quarry project. He explained that all the conditions for proceeding with the project had been completed. He was interrupted by the City Manager who explained that the Quarry Committee would have to meet with the HCP Technical Committee before the City Council could decide whether or not to approve the project, since the property on which the quarry was located was Desert Reserve. Based on the coordinator’s meetings with the HCP administrator, the coordinator challenged the City Manager on that assumption, but the City Manager ignored the challenge and shifted the conversation to a discussion of the potential liability if someone were to be hit by a golf ball. The council members appeared to be split, but some sided with the Manager and shouted down any efforts to engage in a reasonable discussion. Eventually, a motion was made and approved to have Quarry members meet with the technical committee of the HCP and arrange for another meeting with the Council after the technical committee had made its decision to allow the pathway to the quarry to be constructed. HCP technical committee. On Thursday, March 5, 2015 the Coordinator and several members of the Quarry project met with the Technical Committee. At approximately 10:45 a.m., the coordinator was introduced and began his presentation by distributing a paper listing five actions the Technical Committee should take prior to making a decision about the Quarry Project: 1. Mark the boundaries between City property and Tortoise Habitat property. All boundaries are not currently marked, allowing confusion to emerge. Part of the boundary (from the entrance at 700 West to maintenance sheds) is marked by a fence; the fence should be continued along the north boundary of the reserve and the south boundary of city property, and from the corner of the north boundary running south to the quarry. All boundaries should be marked with signs prohibiting unauthorized use of the tortoise habitat property. 2. Designate a member of the Habitat Conservation Technical Committee to select a point in the fence where an opening would be created for those on the pathway to cross the fence from City property to habitat property. An unobtrusive opening could be created in the fence to allow those on the pathway to move from City property to Reserve property. The location should provide for the smallest rise to occur and two or three steps up might be constructed; otherwise, the least disturbance in Reserve property will occur. Designate a return path from the Quarry to the opening in the fence: return by original route or walk back along the east boundary fence. 3. Authorize the Sons of Utah Pioneers to prepare a primitive pathway from the north boundary of the reserve, along the north boundary and south to the quarry, an approximate distance of 1/6th of a mile. The pathway would intrude only slightly on reserve property. All individuals walking the pathway will be directed to be careful of the reserve and to watch for and protect any tortoises on the pathway. 4. Authorize the Sons of Utah Pioneers to erect a Monument to the Quarry made out of local sandstone (moving stones from the south quarry for this purpose has already been authorized by the City). 5. Authorize the Sons of Utah Pioneers to erect five (5) informative plaques to serve as markers on a self-guided tour of the quarry. The Coordinator summarized the goals that had already been accomplished by the Sons of Utah Pioneers: 1. A survey of a potential pathway has been completed (map available). 2. A CCC Worker Statue has been ordered and paid-for to be erected at the entrance to the pathway. 3. Inscriptions for ten (10) plaques have been written; three at the entrance, six at the quarry itself, and one on a post on the owens Loop Trail (approved by the Technical Committee) are ready to be ordered. 4. Donations of services and goods amounting to about $35,000, and cash donations of around $20,000 have been received from Pioneer families. Each of the five actions was explained and how they would benefit and protect the inhabitants of the reserve. No clear objections were made to the plan; however, the chair of the technical committee explained that she had not visited the Tortoise site and that a visit was required before a decision could be made. The Coordinator volunteered to drive the chair and another committee person to the site today, but they declined, explaining that they wanted the entire committee to visit the site during the next meeting of the committee on April 9, 2015, beginning at 10:30 am. The coordinator and some other committee members objected to the delay, but she was determined and declared that the committee would visit as indicated and invited Quarry Project personnel to accompany them on the visit. Some discussion around continuing delays lead to some presumption that a conspiracy was in operation, especially when the Technical Committee adamantly, and without reason, insisted on delaying the decision for at least two meetings of the Technical Committee, moving the decision into May 2015. It would be necessary, then, to meet with the City Council after that, delaying approval of the quarry project into May or June of 2015. Trek along Proposed Pathway to Quarry by Technical Committee. At approximately 9:00 a.m. on 9 April 2015, members of the Habitat Conservation Plan Technical Committee and members of the Quarry Project met at the entrance to the maintenance area of the Red Hills Golf Course and briefly reviewed a map of the area to be walked. The Coordinator of the Quarry Project led the group to the east and stopped at the location of the beginning of the Deseret Tortoise Reserve fence, which was incomplete and left a gaping space for tortoise’s to wander out of the reserve. The group, then, followed the fence to where the shrubbery was too dense to enter,and the group walked down the embankment to the maintenance roadway. The group walked to the maintenance buildings and climbed up the hill just above the blue tee area of the 6th hole. The group followed the pathway to where a potential rise up the cliff marked with stakes occurred, the recommended location for a switchback in the pathway to get up to the Habitat and the pathway across it to the Quarry. The group walked along the golf course, pointing out two other potential entrances to the Habitat for the pathway. Along the way, the Coordinator pointed out where the boundaries of the golf course were clearly marked. The group walked onto the Habitat property and followed the potential pathway as designated in the original proposal. The pathway was high above the main part of the Habitat and crossed the property for a sixth of a mile to the Quarry. The group walked along the Quarry, examining stone artifacts and asking questions about the location of the monument and markers. The group assembled on the fifth tee area and examined the golf fairway and the potential of wayward golf balls, then the group walked to the “south” quarry and studied that area. The group then walked down the 5th fairway to where it turned west and discussed potential pathway entrances into the Habitat. The group returned to the entrance of the maintenance area, but paused to chat with golf employees about bird watching on the golf course and control of people who could enter the golf course unattended. It was concluded that no actual controls existed and that issues of liability were irrelevant. At the entrance, the group went to the cars and drove to the County Building and went to a conference room for its monthly meeting. Preliminary Approval of the Quarry Project by the HCP Technical Committee. The Chair of the Technical Committee called the meeting to order and determined that a quorum existed. The committee discussed alternative approaches to a pathway, then approved a pathway along the far eastern side of the Habitat property to where the fifth tee intersected with the Quarry. The monument would be located on the Quarry west of the fifth tee and interpretive plaques would be placed along the Quarry to the west. A motion to that effect was proposed and approved unanimously. Members of the Quarry Project were invited to attend the next meeting of the HCP Advisory Committee where the Chair of the Technical Committee would present their recommendations to the Advisory Committee for their approval. If approved, the proposition would go to the City Council for final approval. Meeting of HCP Advisory Committee. On Tuesday, April 28, 2015, three members of the Quarry Project and quite a few observers attended the meeting of the HCP Advisory committee held at the City offices in Washington City, Utah, beginning at 1:00 pm. A few agenda items were discussed in a cursory manner, then the chair of the HCP Technical Committee, was asked to report on its recommendations regarding the Quarry Pathway. The report indicated a unanimous approval of the project with specific recommendations concerning surveying and fencing the boundary of the Tortoise Reserve property, and creating a pathway to the Quarry. Discussion ensued about the report with general approval, until the Citizen-at-large on the Advisory Committee explained that the “City” did not approve of the project. This was, of course, in direct violation of all actions of the City up to the City Council work meeting in January 2015. The Quarry Coordinator objected and was asked to take the floor where he explained that the only issue was the specious argument of liability of golf balls potentially hitting people on the path. He explained the Rules of Golf pertaining to that issue and asked for approval of the project. None of the committee members had actually visited the site of the Quarry, so it was moved to continue discussion of the Technical Committee report until the next meeting of the Advisory Committee, Tuesday, May 26, 2015. The motion to delay action was approved. Those involved with the Quarry project left the hall disappointed at the delay. HCP Technical Committee Recommendation. On April 9, 2015, the Technical Committee met on site with Wayne Pace (National Society of the Sons of Utah Pioneers) and Richard Kohler (Washington County Historical Society) and walked/viewed the three proposed routes to the historic Quarry within the Red Cliffs Deseret Reserve RCDR). All three options (Trails A, B, and C) would begin near the Red Hills Golf Course maintenance shed on 700 West and follow an existing path north and east, along the perimeter of the Red Hills Golf Course. Route A would head up a steep rocky hill directly toward the Quarry. Routes B and C would extend further east within the Red Hills Golf Course, and then head south within the RCDR towards the Quarry (see attached map). Route C would be located along the fence on the Red Hills Golf Course property outside the RCDR property, until the corner point noted on the map (Exhibit 3-b-1). At this point, the trail would enter the RCDR along the perimeter, heading south towards the Quarry on the east side. To reduce impacts to tortoise critical habitat, reduce fragmentation of habitat,and provide for a sustainable trail, the TC recommended Route C. Route A and B were not recommended because of two or more of the following: a very steep unsustainable portion of trail, bisected high quality tortoise habitat, closer to cliff line with potential for off-trail use and required additional mitigation to compensate for the longer trail (and greater amount of ground impacts) within the RCDR. Specific recommendations and discussion points included: • Route C would be placed as near as possible to the perimeter of the Reserve, over primarily non-erodible slick rock sections, to reduce impacts to habitat. • There was confusion on the location of the Reserve boundary relative to the Golf Course. To reduce this confusion, the Reserve boundary needs to be surveyed in order to properly align the trail, determine where rocks for constructing the trail can come from, and appropriately determine impacts to tortoise habitat and the amount of required mitigation. • To minimize impacts to tortoise habitat, Route C will not be a loop trail. • There will be no removal of rock or shrubs from the Reserve. All materials used as monument markers or for trail construction will be obtained outside the Red Cliffs Desert Reserve. • The proposed trail must be in compliance with the National Historic Preservation Act. • Mitigation is required to account for the habitat loss of roughly .07 acres (roughly estimated trail at 2/10-mile x 3 feet). After the boundary is surveyed, the TC will determine the actual habitat loss and investigate using existing mitigation left over from Red Hills Parkway. Meeting with the Mayor. At 11 am, The Project Coordinator arrived at the City offices for an appointment with Jon Pike, the Mayor, where they had a direct, heart-to-heart talk about the manner in which the City had been resisting support of the Quarry Project. The Mayor defended City staff, but eventually concurred that some misunderstandings and maneuvering had been taking place. He then said that he thought the City was too late with too little support and agreed to personally intervene in the process and find a way to complete the Quarry project. He agreed to talk with key City managers and the City Council and find a way to move the Quarry Project ahead. The Coordinator left the meeting more positive about completing the project than he had before the meeting. The coordinator immediately drove to the Red Cliffs Deseret Tortoise Reserve office and met with the HCP manager where he talked about the meeting with the Mayor and asked him to do what he could to support the Mayor and the project. He agreed to provide all the support he could at the coming Advisory Committee meeting. Meeting of HCP Advisory Committee. On Tuesday May 26, 2015, the HCP Advisory Committee [advises the County Commissioners], which consisted of the following: Chris Bake, Chair; Chris Hart, Vice Chair, Dawna Ferris-Rowley, John Bramall, Marc Mortensen, Bob Sandberg, Larry Christ, and Henry Maddux, met at the Washington City Council Chambers. Item “d” under general business was the entry 6, “continuation of Quarry Trail proposal.” After other business had consumed almost an hour of time, the Chair opened the meeting for discussion of the Quarry Pathway. Three of the eight members, [Sandberg a non-voting member, leaving seven votes] Marc Mortensen, Dawna Ferris-Rowley and Bob Sandberg, opened the discussion with conciliatory statements, who were then joined by Hart, Bramall, and Crist inquiring about what could be done to resolve the disagreements between the City and the Technical Committee. After more observations about the importance of the project, a county commissioner asked for a few moments of time and spoke on behalf of the project. The at -large committee member offered the observation that the City would like to meet with the Technical Committee to devise a pathway that was acceptable to both parties. Bramall then volunteered to move the motion to approve the project with the condition that the City meet with the Technical Committee and work out an acceptable pathway. The motion was approved on a vote of six to one, with Maddux voting “No” on the motion. At that point, the Project Coordinator handed one of the Technical Committee members a copy of a pathway proposal developed by a City employee, but which had not been distributed to the committee. He looked at it and commented that it looked like an ideal compromise. Meeting oF the HCP Technical Committee. The Technical Committee of the HCP did not meet again until 9 July 2015. The Quarry Coordinator attended the meeting and when Item “b” of the agenda involved a reconsideration of Quarry Trail alternative “A,” the Chair of the Technical Committee read a three paragraph statement from a landscape designer in the Parks Planning Division, in which the so-called City proposal was explained. The proposed path to get over the “ledge” between the golf course and the habitat involved a plan “b” portrayed on a new map of the habitat. The proposed path rose closer to the switchback alternative and the Plan “A” supported by the Technical Committee. On July 9, 2015, the Quarry Project Coordinator wrote a note to Parks Planning explaining that the Technical Committee tentatively approved the proposal, but they did not want to go back to the Advisory Committee without clear support from the City. on that same date, the Quarry Coordinator wrote a note to the Mayor and explained that before the Advisory Committee meets in July, they need a letter confirming support of the City Manager and the Mayor. They did not want the Citizen-at Large representative to veto the recommendation again. City/Technical Committee Concurrence. The Coordinator received an email from the Mayor on July 22, 2015, explaining that he had met with the City Manager, and they felt that a route between the steep switchback and the one proposed by the landscape architect would be better; they had assigned architect to draft a new proposal. Agreement of HCP Advisory Committee and St George City. The Habitat Conservation Advisory Committee met on Tuesday, July 28, 2015, at the Washington City Council Chambers and when they came to item “d”, they continued discussion of the Quarry pathway proposal. The Citizen-at –Large member took the floor and made a presentation, with reservations, but indicated that both the Mayor and the City Manager agreed on the proposal. A vote was called and accepted with four ayes and two nays, with an objection that one key member of the committee was absent and they shouldn’t vote formally without him being present, another apparent delaying tactic. The whole issue was referred to the City to come up with a route that was acceptable to both the City and the Technical Committee for reconsideration at the next meeting in August. City Agrees to Support the Pathway Project. On August 3, 2015, the Quarry Coordinator received a telephone call from a representative of the City who explained that the City was ready to go ahead with the Quarry project and that he needed a copy of the budget and the donations received by the SUP Chapter so that they could be factored into the budget that would be presented to the City Council. A copy of the project budget and donations list was sent to the City. Final City Council ApproVal. It was agreed that the Quarry Project would be placed on the City Council meeting agenda for Thursday, September 10, 2015, and the meeting would be changed from a closed work meeting to an official open meeting so the Council could make a final decision. With a majority present, the Mayor indicated that the floor was open for discussion about the Quarry Project. A member of the City staff had prepared some summary slides, which he showed and discussed indicating that the SUP Chapter would pay for all expenses for the Quarry except for the steps or walkway from the golf course to the habitat. The Mayor called for a roll call vote and the quarry project was approved unanimously. A member of the Parks Planning staff was assigned as the liaison from the City with the SUP. Part F—Quarry Management Plan On August 31, 2015, the Quarry Project Coordinator met with a member of the City management team and had a pleasant conversation about the status of the Quarry Project. The Coordinator gave him a copy of the Management of the Quarry Project listing all of the names and assignments involved with completing the Entry, Monuments, Pathway, and Plaques. They agreed to complete the entry as proposed initially with two pillars, landscaping and the CCC Worker Statue. Whether any fencing would be used would be up to the City Council. They agreed to have the City assume responsibility for constructing the steps from the golf course to the habitat path and that no equipment would be used to create the pathway from there to the Monument. Eagle Scout prospects could be used but they would use only shovels and brooms to create the Pathway. On Tuesday, 29 September 2015, Pace met with Derek Rowley and David Peterson about the Quarry Project. They accepted assignments to supervise construction of the Entry and the Pathway; they appeared willing to carry them out. Quarry Project Management Plan Overall Supervision R. Wayne Pace 1. Construct Entry & Plaques Derek Rowley 775-250-0901 Masonry work Paul Lillywhite, 42 W 475 N Cir 680-7145 Secure Rocks for Gary Flowers 703-0933 Plaques & Monument 2. Construction of Pathway David Peterson 949-945-8561 Bill Silvester 215-208-8755 organize Boy Scouts and others to construct pathway Install and mount self-guided tour plaques and posts at Quarry Supervise construction of Quarry Monument Supervise construction of sandstone stairs to Habitat Paul Lillywhite, contractor 3. Secure and plant bushes, Bruce Little 673-0828 trees, etc Neil Miller 208-681-3172 Keena Tanner, Manager, 668-1711 Star Nursery, Dixie Dr. 4. Erect the owens Larry Robinson 703-9234 Loop Plaque Bob Sandberg, HCP administrator 467-5759 5. Information Dissemination Wayne Pace 688-8114 Prepare Invitations, programs and brochures Adam Hales (DSU Intern) Publicity 1-801-6980506 Brian Passey, Spectrum 674-6200 Tom Glade for local radio stations 674-4156 Brent Cleverly, LDS Visitor’s Center 673-5181 6. Mementos Wayne Pace David Jeffery Stones 635-9455 Nick Nocchi Plates 652-8115 7. Treasurer Art Partridge 674-5972 Handle cash flow and Pay invoices 8. City of St. George ContactsWayne Pace 688-8114 Marc Mortensen 703-0953 Cell Arrange City Council 627-4005 Meetings & Decisions Craig Harvey, City Liaison 627-4553 9. Dedication Arrangements Dale Bott Seating for 200 people on 700 West Permits for use of City Street Parking for attendees Marc Mortensen (City) Part G—Changes in Financial Status major donation reduced. Pace left the Council meeting and drove to the home of a major donor and left a note on his front door indicating that the City Council had approved the project and wondered when he could pick up his donation. A day or so later, the donor answered a phone call and indicated that his financial condition had changed and he might not be able to donate what he had promised. He promised to consult with his spouse and get back to the Coordinator. The donor and the Coordinator met at the donor’s home and the donor explained that he would be able to donate only $500 of a $3,000 pledge. This decision threw the projected budget into chaos. Part H—Other Changes and Decisions Meetings with City Managers. Wednesday, 14 october 2015, Pace, Bruce Little, and Larry Robinson attended a meeting with members of the City of St. George managerial staff at City Hall to work out details for construction of the Quarry entry and pathway. Monday, 2 November, 2015, Wayne Pace, Paul Lillywhite, and Craig Harvey met at the entry to the Red Hills Golf Course maintenance area and reviewed the location of the new entry and walked the entire pathway from the entry to the quarry area itself. Craig had begun the process of marking the new pathway, but intended to survey the pathway so that everyone would know precisely where the path would go. The group spent some time examining where Lillywhite would create a set of stairs to move the pathway from golf course or city property to the Habitat area. Craig promised to have a list of the plants, shrubs, and chat (small gravel) to cover the path. Pace drove to David Peterson’s home and reviewed the results of the meeting and asked him to take the lead in completing the pathway. He agreed and it appeared that the quarry project was ready to proceed. new route For Pathway. Tuesday, 10 November, Pace and Bruce Little attended a meeting with Craig Harvey at the Park Division offices at the Millcreek facility. They discussed a new direction for the pathway and the shrubbery needed. Major changes in the commitment from the nursery would be necessary. More gravel for the path itself would need to be negotiated. Following the meeting, Pace and Little drove to the nursery and left a note for the manager explaining the potential changes and later the manager called and indicated that they would donate the shrubbery, but not the gravel. PlateS For donor mementoS. on Wednesday, 25 November 2015 Pace ordered the plates for a Quarry Donor Memento—65 silver plates with Donor to Quarry Project engraved. TortoiSe habitat training. At 12:30, Pace met with Bob Sandberg of the HCP and discussed when the Tortoise Habitat training might occur for Quarry workers. Cameron Rognan agreed to hold the training on site when construction of the pathway reached the stairs to go up to the habitat. donation oF graVel For Pathway. on Wednesday, December 23, 2015, Pace met with officers of a local company that provides construction material. The group followed the marked pathway from the Entrance to the pathway to the quarry monument location. The group examined a number of different locations where the monument could be located. Eventually a vote was taken and the group unanimously agreed that the monument should be placed at the original location, rather than at a new place recommended by the City. The construction materials company agreed to donate the gravel to complete the pathway. Entry, Monument, Stairs and Pathway Construction Part A—Pre-Construction Meetings Friday, 18 December, 2015. Pace arrived at the Millcreek facility seminar room at 8:50. others began to arrive around 900 a.m., and eventually Craig Harvey, Millie Cockerill, Colby Cowan, Bob Sandberg, Cameron Rognan, and Wayne Pace were in attendance. The meeting had a long agenda, including information for the construction teams. The group worked through the agenda and Pace took notes of importance to the SUP Chapter managers. The group agreed that construction could begin on Tuesday, December 22, 2015. Pace drove to David Peterson’s home and delivered Dave a copy of approximately ten pages of detailed construction plans. Part B—Arrival of Entry Post and Plaques On Tuesday, 22 December 2015, at 9:00 a.m., Pace called Paul Lillywhite and advised him that five vertical plaques and a post had been delivered to Pace’s home. He asked if Paul could drive over to Rolling Hills and meet with Pace about the placement of the post and plaques. Lillywhite arrived and they unwrapped both the plaques and the post and studied them, eventually numbering and labeling each item in terms of where it should be placed. They loaded the plaques and post in Paul’s truck. In the meantime, Pace called Art Partridge and asked him if they could drive over to Partridge’s place and have him write a check for slightly over $4,000 for the rocks that had been delivered for construction of the entry pillars, the stairs, and the monument. Paul gave him invoices for the items and Art wrote a check. Part C—Construction of the Entry Begins Construction of the entry to the pathway to the quarry began suddenly on Tuesday, December 30, 2015. When Pace lead a group from a building materials company on a walk of the pathway they observed City workers digging the foundations for the two pillars. During the day on Wednesday, December 30, 2015, Paul Lillywhite, stone mason on the Quarry Project, created two pillars at the entrance to the Pathway to the Quarry, each six feet high. Part D—Movement of the Stones for Monument and Stairs. On Thursday,December 31, 2015 (New year’s Eve), at about 8:45 a.m., Paul Lillywhite called Pace about an urgent matter. He needed to complete the Monument itself on Monday, January 4, 2016, because he had other commitments and would not be available for some time. He then called David Peterson and explained the problem to him and asked if he could come up with a plan for getting the stones moved. The main issue was that one of the stones weighed over 700 pounds, making it almost impossible to hand-carry for over 100 yards to the monument site. Lillywhite had explained, however, that he had a fork-lift that could move the rocks, but that he needed permission from the Habitat Conservation Program to drive the lift across the golf course and along the Tortoise Reserve property to the monument. Pace decided to contact Bob Sandberg, Director of the HCP, at his office and see if he could meet with Peterson and Pace to secure permission to drive the fork-lift across HCP property. Pace called Sandberg and he was in his office. He agreed to meet Pace and others at 9:30 a.m. Pace immediately called David Peterson and asked him to accompany Pace to the Meeting. He agreed. Pace then called Paul Lillywhite and asked him to meet at the HCP office. He agreed. Pace drove to Peterson’s home and they drove to the HCP office and met Lillywhite walking up to the entry. The three visitors entered and the receptionist announced to Sandberg that we had arrived. They were met by Bob and he had invited Cameron Rogan to join them in the meeting. Rogan’s presence was welcome. They sat around a circular table and Pace explained the necessity of moving the rocks from the Pathway Entry to the Monument location. Some discussion occurred over whether the City had agreed to place the monument at its original location or at a new location. Sandberg explained that the property was actually owned by the City and he would need a statement from Craig Harvey, the liaison between the City and the Sons of Utah Pioneers and the Quarry Project, authorizing Lillywhite to drive across City property. Sandberg also explained that the HCP had no objection to using the fork lift to move the rocks across the Habitat property. Sandberg agreed to give Lillywhite permission to use his fork lift to move the stones on Monday January 4, 2015, provided that Mr. Harvey authorized moving the stones. Lillywhite explained that all except the final cap on the entry pillars had been completed and he could proceed to construct the monument on Monday. Pace and Peterson drove to Pace’s home and they contacted Craig and explained what had happened in the meeting with the HCP people. Craig replied that the contract with the City allow Lillywhite to move rocks to the original location. Pace asked him to call Bob Sandberg and tell him that we had permission for Lillywhite to move the stones. Peterson agreed to be available on Monday, January 4 2015, to monitor the movement of the stones. Lillywhite had agreed to have his assistants hand-carry some materials to the site and that he would move buckets of hot water and other heavy items using the fork lift and begin construction on the monument on Monday. Part E—Construction of the Monument at the Quarry Early Monday morning, the stones were moved to the monument location and workers began construction on the monument by digging a small pit for pouring concrete for the foundation. Anchoring mechanisms were attached and the concrete was allow to dry. The next day, masonry work was begun and the monument began to take form. By the end of the week, the monument was completed, covered, and allowed to complete drying over the weekend. The property around the monument was cleaned and scaffolding and debris were removed from the area. Foundation for Monument at Quarry The result was a wonderful monument celebrating the diligence and sacrifice of the pioneers in constructing exquisite buildings using stones from the quarry. The monument is surrounded by picturesque stone cliffs and marks an important location in the history of this area. Scafolding and Masons Constructing Monument at Quarry Quarry Site Monument at Quarry Site 55 Part F—Installation of Steps from City Property to Tortoise Habitat As soon as the monument was completed, workers cleared the area designated for the steps and began the installation of the newer, high quality sandstones as stepping stones through the opening in the cliff. An S-shaped pathway was engineered and stones were carefully laid to create a relatively simple rise to the top. The stairs were constructed of high quality sandstone so as to sustain a long-life for the pathway. Lillywhite Stone constructed the stairs, resulting in easy access to the Habitat. Sandstone Stairs from Golf Course to Habitat Part G—Construction of the Pathway to the Monument David Peterson, Supervisor of Construction Construction of the SandStone Quarry Pathway Monument construction began January 2016. Construction of the entry pillars, stairs up the north cliff, and the monument needed to be built by skilled stone workers. The City had excellent results from Paul Lilywhites’ sandstone monument company. He was contracted to do the entry pillars, the steps and the rocks holding the CCC commemorative plaque, and the Contributors plaque at the entry. They were able to start construction on the Entry Gate very late in December 2015. The steps were also built during late December 2015 and early January 2016 by Paul Lilywhites’ crew. The stone work was beautiful, including the steps, which enabled all visitors to walk to the upper level of the Tortoise Reserve and continue onto the Quarry Monument. Progress was excellent in spite of light rain during the construction of the monument. The Red Cliffs Desert Reserve Manger, Bob Sandberg, allowed Lillywhites’ crew to move the materials for the monument across the south end of the quarry on what appeared to have been a possible historical route to move the quarried stone from the quarry to the construction sites in the city. The materials for the monument were transported by a forklift, and, with the ground wet by rain, some minor damage occurred to the habitat. The good news was that with the forklift, the crew could move a ton of sandstone, hundreds of pounds of concrete mix, scaffolding and tools to the monument site quickly and safely. Also,the damage to that part of the quarry did not endanger the desert tortoise and created additional opportunities for Eagle Scout candidates to have 4-6 projects for restoring the area. The face of the monument was built by the workers to hold a plaque with a description of the quarry and its purpose. While the monument was being constructed by two of the Lillywhite crew, a third worker was constructing the steps up the steepest part of the cliff. The cliffs are of sandstone and the process was fascinating as it blended the steps up to the sandstone cliff and created a beautiful angular stairway to the more level terrain at the north end of the quarry. These steps were completed January 6, 2016, as two large sandstone blocks were being prepared to hold the CCC and Contributor Plaques at the entry. The sandstone cutters were required to chisel out the face of the sandstone blocks in order to recess the descriptive plaques that would be attached. It was fascinating to watch the stonecutters ply their trade. The construction of the pathway could be done by volunteers. The City of Saint George Parks department knew that similar types of projects had been completed by Eagle Candidates from some of the local BSA troops aligned with the LDS Church. It was initially estimated that there could be 6-10 Eagle Scout projects. This grew in number to 18 projects by the conclusion of construction. Once the project was approved by the relevant committees in September of 2015, the search began for eligible Eagle candidates. Finding the Eagle Scout candidates was an interesting part of the construction process. The first young man to commit to doing a project on the trail was Branden Geertsen of Troop 1896, aligned with the Southgate 3rd Ward. Branden wanted to build a bridge over a washout area along the early part of the trail route. There were no more candidates in troop 1896, so David Peterson, SUP chapter member assigned to oversee pathway, entry gate, and monument construction, turned his search to other LDS wards and troops in the Southgate Stake. Eagle Scout projects could not begin as yet, as city attorneys were preparing a waiver for all workers on the trail to protect the city from legal suits if any of the workers helping with the project were injured. In the meantime the search for suitable candidates continued. Peterson had received a new assignment in the LDS Church that required visiting another congregation to assist them in their responsibilities. This opened new opportunities for Eagle Projects in the trail construction process for young men in the Bloomington 3rd Ward scouting organization. Through this contact, six potential candidates were identified. Two young men, Guy Ludlow and Michael Mullins, stepped up and received approved projects. Another young man, Milton Francom, from troop 1765, referred by Kyle Wells, Dean of the College of Business and Communication at Dixie State University, who had long been supportive of the project. These three young men, along with parents, visited the quarry on February 8, 2016 and selected the parts of the pathway that they preferred to complete as a project. These three Eagle candidates would be responsible for seven more young men committing to do pathway construction and restoration projects. Peterson passed the word to all six wards in the Southgate Stake of the LDS Church. Interestingly, no other candidates came forth. In reaching out to any and all potential sources, while at the Southgate Golf shop preparing to enjoy a round of golf with his wife, Peterson asked the golf pro if he knew of any young men who needed an Eagle Scout Project. He said “no,” but another golfer who approached the check-in desk spoke up and said that he had two sons who would be interested. This contact resulted in two additional Eagle projects. Peterson calculated that the entire pathway could result in eighteen Scout projects, but he had only five firm commitments. The project was moving ahead, but the waivers for the volunteers were delayed, so Gary Flowers, supervisor of maintenance at the Dixie Red Hills Golf Course, volunteered his staff to cut the sod on the first section of the pathway along the edge of the sixth fairway. Because an early morning frost idled his staff, Flowers also volunteered to install the gravel from the entry to where the path crossed the maintenance road. This gave his crew work and the pathway received an early start so that it could be completed in time for the scheduled March 19, 2016,dedication. Early in February, plans were being implemented, giving hope that the complete pathway would be completed by March 1. Waivers for the volunteers were completed and the first Eagle Scout projects were scheduled to be completed by February 27, 2016. This was later than planned, but motivated those in charge to start and get some experience in clearing, leveling, and lining the pathway. The pathway was to be about 18 inches wide and lined with sandstone rocks to define the route. The rocks would be obtained from the sandstone ruble piles in the south quarry. The sandstone rocks were to be placed 18 inches apart on each side of the trail, allowing a desert tortoise to pass across the pathway if they traversed the area. The Eagle Scout candidate was required to arrange time with the golf course superintendent, Gary Flowers, to place the front-loader tractor near the ruble piles in the south quarry, where the scout and his volunteers could load the hopper on the tractor with ruble sandstone to line the trail. Gary or Chase Carrol, then dropped the ruble near the area where the pathway would be built and lined. The scouts and volunteers then transported the sandstone by wheelbarrow, or just carried it by hand, to use in their section of the construction. On February 27, 2016, about 9:00 a.m., Guy Ludlow arrived at the entry point of the pathway with family, friends, and scouts from his troop, about 20 in all. As the trail was partly inside the area controlled by the Red Cliffs Desert Reserve, the volunteers were required to receive orientation from the Reserve Biologist, Cameron Rognon. He greeted the group and taught them about the desert tortoise and what we should do to protect the tortoise and the habitat where they lived. This was valuable instruction, as the reserve covers a large area and the southwest has tortoises in many places that visitors might walk. Mr. Ludlow’s crew constructed a section of the pathway located 15 yards inside the west tortoise fence at the top of the rise and went for a length of 200 feet. His crew worked hard and leveled the trail where necessary, taking care to disrupt the area as little as possible. The trail was carefully lined with sandstone ruble, making it very inviting and attractive. The project was completed in five hours. In mid-February, Peterson visited the Quarry with four potential Eagle candidates-Riley and Hunter Brimer—and an adult volunteer, Jonna Wintch. Wintch offered to donate a steel bridge over the major drainage near the monument, improving access to the monument. Riley accepted the bridge task, which was installed as part of his project that included carving steps into the hill south of the bridge. Hunter Brimer committed to completing a 200-foot section of the pathway 100 feet north of the bridge. The resources were gathered and both projects were completed on March 17, 2016 just before the dedication. The bridge was made of steel, resulting in a very sturdy well secured structure. Riley found it necessary to modify his project, so Lucas Ashton of Troop 383 stepped forward and gathered his troop, friends and family and constructed 100 feet of pathway just north of the bridge and 100 feet of path to the monument after the steps, completing the project on March 12, 2016. Michael Mullins of Troop 383 received approval to construct 100 feet of the pathway just before the stairs up the cliff and the 100 feet on the cliff above the stairs. This was a difficult area due to slope and terrain, but he arranged to get the sandstone rocks gathered and transported near the stairs. With the help of the scouts in his troop, family and friends, they completed the project the evening of March 1, 2016. It is a beautiful section of pathway that moves the visitor from the north side of the cliff up to the habitat level and the pathway that leads to the monument. The next 200 feet of trail was constructed by Noah Sato of Troop 383 and his crew of volunteers. This required gathering the sandstone rocks from the ruble piles,transporting them to the site, leveling the pathway where needed, and lining the pathway with the sandstone pieces. Noah’s crew involved 20 individuals, that included scouts, family, and friends; they completed the beautiful, winding stretch of the pathway on the evening of March 8, 2016. on March 4, 2016, a Saturday, Milton Francom, the third Eagle Scout Candidate to commit to constructing part of the pathway, gathered scouts from Troop 1765, along with family and friends, to proceed with the first part of the pathway going up the hill toward the stairs along the Dixie Red Hills Golf Course. This required installing a step-over bridge at the fence in addition to clearing sections of the pathway on either side of the fence. This also involved leveling and spreading gravel on part of the pathway, resulting in an attractive approach to the natural area just prior to approaching the cliff. Also, on March 4, 2016, Branden Geertsen brought a team from Troop 1896 to help transport the bridge constructed to the washout on the pathway. Branden had spent many hours in a garage sawing, staining, and assembling the wooden bridge. He and the crew installed and anchored the bridge, assuring the ends were level with the pathway to make a safe walk over the washout. The beautiful bridge covered the wash perfectly. Two brothers, Carter Abbott and Traevn Abbott, of Troop 1765, friends of Milton Francom, contacted Peterson about an Eagle project. Traevn received approval to install five interpretive plaques near the monument. These plaques described the quarry operation and all the work that was performed to get the sandstone blocks cut from the quarry and moved to construction sites. He also did trail and area work near the monument to enclose the area. This project was completed March 12, 2016. Carter receive approval to install a brochure box and supporting post at the entry gates and build a wooden bench to be installed adjacent to the monument. Carter completed the two phases of his project in March and May of 2016. Three thousand plus square feet of area east of the monument required restoration, creating additional projects for other scouts. one thousand square feet of restoration was approved as a project for Max MacDonald and Tyler Slack of Troop 383, and Kayden Stauffer of Troop 535. Max and his crew completed their work April 5,2016, while Tyler and his crew completed the restoration project early in May 2016. Kayden and his troop, with family and friends, completed the restoration project also in May of 2016. The project liaison between the City of St. George and the Dixie Encampment Chapter was Craig Harvey of the Park Planning Department. He was of great support in answering questions, holding coordination meetings and getting the necessary help from other departments supporting the quarry project. He also had extensive experience with the scouting program and was helpful in determining valid Eagle Scout projects. He had a son, Kieran, a member of Troop 1698, who was in need of a project as well. Kieran receive approval to build a stone bench to be installed along the pathway, and to restore 500 square feet of the area east of the monument. The beautiful stone bench was installed along the pathway and the restoration area east of the monument were completed in early May of 2016 Craig Harvey knew of another scout, Cooper Utley of Troop 1786, who needed a project. Utley received approval to complete a section of the pathway in front of the cliff on the north end of the quarry. This section of trail included some tortoise fence and also required installation of a step-over bridge. Cooper and his crew completed this part of the pathway on April 15, 2016. Crete Gallagher, also of Troop 1786, was approved to provide another stone bench along the pathway and to build some steps up the first hill above the tortoise fence step-over bridge. Crete and his crew began installation of the bench on April 15, 2016, by pouring a concrete pad to support the bench. They returned April 23, 2016 and completed the project, providing a beautiful addition to an early part of the pathway that eases ascent up the first hill. Jace Larkin, of Troop 521, a friend of Milton Francom, received approval to build a Redwood bench for installation in the monument area. In addition, he was approved to restore 500 square feet of area east of the monument that had been disturbed during the construction of the monument. Jace and his crew completed the restoration in March and the bench was installed at the Monument on April 26, 2016. Lakin Burrows contacted Peterson in early April 2016 and received approval to install a bench at the monument, to restore 800 square feet of ground on the north end of the Reserve, and engage in some cleanup in the quarry area. Lakin proceeded with the project on April 25, 2016, acquired materials for the bench and put in place a plan that had the bench, restoration, and cleanup completed by mid-May 2016. In sum, the Eagle Scout candidates stepped up to the challenge. They created project plans and presented them to Scout Boards of Review. With approval of the projects, the Eagle Scout candidates acquired the necessary materials, tools, and helpers to complete their projects in a timely fashion. The results were satisfying as the City of St. George now has a beautiful pathway into the sandstone quarry with its significant historical history. The young men who performed the Eagle Scout projects gained some valuable experience in planning, organizing, and completing a project. This experience will serve each of them well in their lives. The participants have a wonderful memory of working with other young men while serving their community. Original Entry to Golf Course Maintenance Area New Entry to Pathway to the Quarry The entry was transformed by the addition of two sandstone pillars, two sandstone rocks with plaques designating the location of a CCC camp and a list of the contributors to the project up to the time that the plaques were completed. one post with a plaque welcoming visitors to the pathway was also installed. Grass was removed from along the road to create path. It was filled with small-grain gravel for ease of compacting the path. The space in front of the pillars was graded and asphalt was installed to connect with the street and enhance the beauty of the area. Improved Asphalt at Entry Way Graveled Pathway from Entrance to Road Crossing From the road into the maintenance area of the golf course, the pathway rose toward the sandstone cliff above the golf course, traversing along the cliff and through shrubbery as portrayed in the next photo. obstructions were removed by hand and shovel by volunteers supervised by David Peterson of the Dixie Encampment Chapter to a point near the farthest cliff. Pathway before Start of Eagle Projects Pathway after Eagle Project Step-Over Tortoise Fence with Looking Down the Pathway toward Pathway Just Under the Cliff Hand Poles the Road A massive steel bridge was erected as a Boy Scout Eagle Project to allow visitors to make easy access to the monument. The workers installed sandstone steps to make the walk more comfortable. Steel Bridge Near Quarry Monument Interpretive Plaques at Monument Part H—Erecting Posts and Plaques at Quarry The final act was to install five interpretive plaques describing activities that occurred in the quarry, especially quarrying techniques, chipping processes, and the work itself. Each of the plaques contained a picture of the activity being described. Five plaques were erected near the monument in a semi-circle so that visitors could study the plaques, and actually imagine the quarry in action. Part J—Installing the Owens Loop Trail Post and Plaque The Dixie Encampment Chapter of the Sons of Utah Pioneers provided a historical marker to be located on the owens Loop Trail at a site directly overlooking the South Quarry. on May 7, 2016 seventeen Boy Scouts, leaders and parents of Boy Scout Troop 1696, Southgate Second Ward, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, placed the marker. Since the marker site is located within the environmentally sensitive Red Hills Desert Reserve which is the home of the endangered desert tortoise, it was necessary to manually carry the marker post and plaque, cement mix and water approximately 2-3 miles to the marker site. The scouts were instructed to not endanger any tortoise in accordance with requirements of the Reserve. The owens Loop Trail, located within the Red Cliff Desert Reserve, provides a scenic overlook of the City of Saint George including the LDS Temple, LDS Tabernacle, Cotton Factory, Washington County Court House, Saint George Hall, schools and other structures. Stone blocks for these structures came from the Red Sandstone Quarry. From a vantage point on the owens Loop Trail above the Red Cliffs Golf Course the South Sandstone Quarry is also visible. The owens Loop Trail is named for Robert “Bob” owens, a former judge and prominent citizen conservationist in Saint George. James Clark owens Jr., Robert owens great grandfather was one of the masons cutting and dressing the stone blocks in the quarry before they were hauled to construction sites in and near Saint George. Larry Robinson at Owen Loop Trail Plaque VII Dedication Ceremony Part A—Creation of Invitation and Program Design Both the invitation to the dedication and the dedicatory program were prepared by the Coordinator and forwarded to his son in Las Vegas, Nevada, a professional graphic artist, who volunteered to donate a design for both the invitation and the program. By early January of 2016, he had completed a design that was shown to various individuals involved in the Quarry Project and approved by key people. The invitation consisted of a color outside and a black and white inside as illustrated below. Invitation cover Invitation inside At around 4:00 p.m. on Friday, 8 January 2016, Pace met with the owner of a local printing company and discussed what it would cost to print the invitations and the programs. The owner developed a cost estimate that involved some direct costs and some donated costs. Part B—List of Those to Receive Special Invitations to the Dedication A list of over one hundred individuals, including spouses or guests who contributed to the approval and construction of the Pathway to the Quarry Project was compiled and their personal addresses located. Volunteers prepared envelopes for mailing the invitations to be sent to those involved. Invitations were mailed in mid-February, 2016. The invitation included a picture of the quarry and of the LDS Tabernacle, the first structure to be built from quarry sandstones. Individuals to Receive embossed Invitations Speakers 1-2 R. Wayne and Gae Pace 477 West Rolling Hills Drive, St. George, Ut 84770 3-4 Jonathan and Kristy Pike 3469 Mulberry Drive, St. George, Ut 84790 5-6 L. Stewart Radmall and Guest 1352 East 5375 South, South Ogden, Ut 84403 7-8 Mark and Cheryl Walker 892 East 4875 South, South ogden, Ut 84403 9-10 Richard and Jennifer Kohler 1020 East Bloomington Drive, St. George, Ut 84790 11-12 Barbara Watson and Guest 335 North 100 West, St. George, Ut 84770 13-14 Hal and Julie Anderson 881 Escalante Street, St. George, Ut 84790 Dixie EncamPment Chapter 15-16 William and Nancy Silvester 2150 South Balboa Way #28, St. George, Ut 84770 17-18 Arthur and Nita Partridge 774 West Hampton Road, St. George, Ut 84770 19-20 David and Connie Peterson 611 Windsor Drive, St. George, Ut 84770 21-22 Derek and Genine Rowley 604 Churchill Drive, St. George, Ut 84770 23-24 Larry and Barbara Robinson 2310 South 1260 West, St. George, Ut 84770 25-26 Dale Bott and Guest 763 Crystal Drive, St. George, Ut 84770 27-28 Neil and Mary Miller 566 West 2140 Circle, St. George, Ut 84770 29-30 Bruce and Jeanine Little 2232 South Fairway Hills Drive, St. George, Ut 84770 31-32 Ralph and Diana Johnson 2105 Balboa, #4 St. George, Ut 84770 33-34 Thomas and Sandy Glade 2246 South 1300 West, St. George 84770 35-36 Dan and Micheline Smith 785 West Sir Monte Drive, St. George, Ut 84770 37-38 Steve E. Foisey & Guest 2105 South Balboa Way #8, St. George, Ut 84770 39-40 Kyle and JoEllen Wells 705 East 1100 South, St. George, Ut 84770 Financial DonorS 41-42 David and JoAnne Watson 112 South Bridge Point Way, St. George, Ut 84770 43-44 Jerry and Carolyn Atkin 3119 Jacob Hamblin Drive, St. George, Ut 84790 45-46 Dean and Elaine Christensen 3141 Jacob Hamblin Drive, St. George, Ut 84790 47-48 LeRoy and Janice Nisson 420 Golf Cart Way, St. George, Ut 84770 49-50 Scott and Suzie Wilkinson 836 South 850 East, St. George, Ut 84790 51-52 Randy and Linda Wilkinson 88 East 1160 South, St. George, Ut 84770 53-54 Daniel and Bunny McArthur 1008 South 800 East, St George, Ut 84790 55-56 Mansfield and Diane Jennings 423 Vermillion Ave, St. George, Ut 84790 57-58 Gilbert and Leslie Jennings 227 So Grass Valley Rd, Pine Valley, Ut 84781 59-60 John M. and Suzanne Jennings 851 Lizzzie Lane, St. George, Ut 84790 61-62 Ira and Jennifer McArthur 2543 East 2150 South Circle, St George, Ut 84790 63-64 Durrant and Virginia McArthur 139 South 1970 East, St George, Ut 84790 65-66 Stephen and Marcia Wade 150 West Hilton Drive, St. George, Ut 84770 67-68 Kevin and Debra Ence 746 Lexington Drive, St. George, Ut 84770 69-70 Brooks and June Pace 285 North Pinion Hills Drive, Dammeron Valley, Ut 84783 71-72 H. Bruce and Cheryl C. Stucki 2190 North Cascade Canyon, St. George, Ut 84770 73-74 Alan & Kathy Gardner 292 Joshua Circle, Washington, Ut 84780 75-76 V. Lowry and Sheryl Snow 912 West 1600 South, Suite B-200, St. George, Ut 84770 77-78 Glen and Kim overton 2165 oakcrest Lane. Provo, Ut 84604- 2165 79-80 Wesley and Ann Milne 798 South 900 East, St. George, Ut 84770 81-82 Dale and Dixie Larkin 1062 East 990 South Circle, St. George, Ut 84790 83-84 Harlan and Mary Alice Clark 2147 Pinecrest Cyn Road, Salt Lake City, Ut 84108 85-86 Ila Stucki Lundberg and Guest 2263 Sonoma Lane, St. George, Ut 84770 In Kind DonorS & Contractors 87-88 John and Jamie Peters 3590 Summerhill Drive, Salt Lake City, Ut 84121 89-90 Paul and Bonnie Lillywhite 42 West 475 North Circle, St. George, Ut 84770 91-92 Keena and Darin Tanner 2157 East 430 North Circle, St. George, Ut 84790 93-94 Rhys and Pam Weaver 2625 Eat 1300 South, St. George, Ut 84790 95-96 Russell and Della Leslie 2303 South Montero, Washington, Ut 84780 97-98 Gregory and Karen Pace 3718 Rock Dove Way, North Las Vegas, Nv 89084 99-100 Michael Draper and Kara Moore 172 East 300 North, Washington, Ut 84780 101-102 David and June Jeffery P. o. Box 775 LaVerkin, Ut 84745 103-104 Nick and Karen Nocchi 111 West St. George Blvd, St. George, Ut 84770 City 105-106 Marc and Jill Mortensen 80 South 1300 West, St. George, Ut 84770 107-108 Craig and Jamiee Harvey 390 North 3050 East, St. George, Ut 84790 109-110 Colby and Kristen Cowan 2283 South 1880 East Circle, St. George, Ut 84790 111-112 Jeff Peay and Guest 390 North 3050 East, St. George, Ut 84790 113-114 Gil and Jill Almquist 253 San Rafael Place, St. George, Ut 84790 115-116 Joe and Rowdy Bowcutt 280 South 300 West, #8, St. George Ut 84770 117-118 Jimmie and Tawny Hughes 2186 Greystone Drive, St. George, Ut 84790 119-120 Bette and Rich Arial 285 W. Tabernacle St., Suite 200, St. George, Ut 84770 121-122 Michele and Tony Randall 2046 Shavano Place, St. George, Ut 84790 123-124 Gary and DeAnne Esplin 1735 West Phoenix Drive, St. George, Ut 84770 County 125-126 George R. Cannon, Jr. and Guest 615 East Concord Way, St George, Ut 84770 127-128 Dean and LaRene Cox 1234 East St. James Lane, St. George, Ut 84790 129-130 Robert and Wendy Sandberg 326 South 200 West, Washington, Ut 84780 131-132 Cameron and Melody Rognan 405 E. Sun Dusk Lane, Washington, Ut 84780 133-134 Rick and Kristen Comella Fridell 1002 Snow Canyon Drive, Ivins, Ut 84738 135-136 Ann McLuckie and Guest 223 South 2170 East, St George, Ut 84790 137-138 Lacey and Eathan McIntyre 3461 Windmill Dr., Santa Clara, Ut 84765 139-140 Nathan and Stephanie Brown 1340 East 1200 So Circle, St George, Ut 84790 141-142 John and Connie Bramall 1375 West 3150 South, Hurricane, Ut 84737 143-144 Gene and Dawna Ferris-Rowley P.o. Box 651, New Harmony, Ut 84757 145-146 Marshal and Nancy Topham 1514 East 1850 South, St George Ut 84790 147-148 Chris and Gina Blake 190 W 350 North. Ivins Ut 84738 149-150 Chris Hart and Partner 140 Tuachan Drive, Ivins, Ut 84738 Special 151-152 Brian and Cammie Passey 700 North Main, Unit F3, Washington, Ut 84780 153-154 Kenneth & Delma Baldridge 1548 West 2100 North, Pleasant Grove, Ut 84062 155-156 Dale and LoAnne Barnes 244 North Silver meadow Road, Lees, Ut 84746 157-158 Brent and Leeann Cleverly 490 South 300 East, St. George, Ut 84770 159-160 Murray and Jane Gubler 943 West 680 North, Santa Clara, Ut 84765 161-162 Robert and Cheer owens 158 Hope Street, St. George, Ut 84770 163-164 Douglas and Elaine Alder 357 South 660 East Circle, St. George, Ut 84770 165-166 Gene and Lisa Beck P.o. Box 814, New Harmony, Ut 84757 167-168 Susan Crook and Diane Tracy 1405 West Primrose Drive, St. George, Ut 84770 Cotton Mission Chapter 169-170 Stanley and Lynda Fisher 497 Paintbrush Way, St. George, Ut 84790 171-172 Don and Laura Burton 1108 North Ventana Drive, Washington, Ut 84780 173-174 Royce and Suzanne Griffin 145 North Mall Drive, #46, St. George, Ut 84790 175-176 Roland and Nellie Lee 54 East 300 South, #6, St. George, Ut 84770 177-178 John and Carolyn Matthews 1336 Bloomington Dr So, St. George, Ut. 84790 179-180 David and Marion Summerhays 2121 So Sandia Cir, St. George, Ut 84790 181-182 Robert and Sally Thornley 440 East 100 South, St. George, Ut 84770 183-184 Jerry and Diane Keyes 955 North Sunset Drive, St. George, Ut 84770 185-186 Keyne and Carol Gay Thorne 3010 Bloomington Hills Drive, Ut 84790 187-188 David L. and Tamara Rogers 810 West North Links Dr Washington, Ut 84780 189-190 Sidney and MaryAnn Atkin 875 Rio Virgin Street, #247 St. George, Ut 84790 191-192 Dean and Vonda Larson 168 Sugar Leo Road, St. George, Ut 84790 193-194 Dean and Carol Terry P.o. Box 717, St. George, Ut 84770 Memento given to Donors to the Pathway Quarry Project Designed and prepared by David Jeffrey, LaVerkin, Utah Part C—Physical Arrangements Arrangements for conducting dedication services on a City street were made by Dale Bott, a member of the Dixie Encampment Chapter. This involved securing permissions and permits to use 700 North Street for the services, securing chairs for seating and setting them up prior to services, arranging for a podium, microphones, and speakers, distributing programs to those attending, and clearing the area following services. Approximately two hundred chairs were secured from a local LDS Cultural Hall and hauled by trailer to the dedication site and quickly unfolded and arranged along the street. As soon as dedicatory services were concluded, trucks with trailers and staff arranged by Bott arrived and loaded the chairs and returned them to their original location. Dixie State University agreed to provide a portable speaker system with a wireless microphone and audio with adequate power to broadcast the services to all those present. Corey Reeves arrived prior to the beginning of services and set up the audio equipment, monitored it during services, and immediate took it down and returned the equipment to Dixie State. As far as could be determined, the microphone and audio worked very well and everyone was able to enjoy the services. Part D—The Dedication Services Attendees at Dedication Ceremony Dedication of the quarry project occurred on Saturday, March 19, 2016. Chartering for the Dixie Encampment Chapter of the Sons of Utah Pioneers occurred on March 18, 2010, so the anniversary of two events took place on approximately the same day. The ceremony consisted of a welcome from the City by Mayor Jonathan Pike. Welcome to the Pathway to the Quarry and the dedication service were given by R. Wayne Pace, Coordinator of the Project. Stewart Radmall, Director of Monument Approvals by the National Society of the Sons of Utah Pioneers, described the mission of the SUP and its monument program. Richard Kohler, President of the Washington County Historical Society provided a history of the Area surrounding the Quarry, including its occupation by Native Americans and visits by Wesley Powell, copper refining, the establishment of Civilian Conservation Corps camps, the construction of the Sunstone Condominiums, and, eventually, creation of the Dixie Red Hills Golf Course. Barbara Watson, a resident of “Sandtown” and an early visitor to the quarry site provided some reflections on living as a child near the quarry. The Dedicatory Prayer was given by Hal G. Anderson, an early supporter of the quarry project and a former LDS Stake President whose ancestors had worked in the quarry. Cover and inside of Quarry Dedication Program Brochure R. Wayne Pace, Master of Ceremonies Thank you very much. We shall begin this dedication by having the Scouts from Troop 383 of the Bloomington LDS 3rd Ward, many of whom participated in the completion of the pathway to the quarry project, conduct the Flag Ceremony by posting the Colors and then Gary Ludlow will lead us in the Pledge of Allegiance. Everyone please STAND. Thank you. Now, Derek Rowley, President of the Dixie Encampment Chapter, will offer the Invocation. Thank you, Derek. I’ve often wondered what it would be like to begin a dedication program with a puzzle. Now is as good a time as any to find out: What Invention allows you to see through walls? Think about that! It must be fantastic. Well, it’s a WINDoW. I’d like to mention that our sound, audio system has installed by Dixie State University. We do appreciate the efforts of Cory Reeves for setting up and managing the system. Our first presenter will be a friend of the Quarry Project, our own Mayor, Jon Pike. Mayor Pike has been like a kind and loving Son to this project and it reminded me of the Italian Tomato Garden. Vincent, the old man’s only son, who used to help him, was in prison. The old man wrote a letter to his son and described his predicament. “Dear Vincent,” he wrote, “I am feeling pretty bad because it looks like I won’t be able to plant my tomato garden this year. I’m just getting too old to be digging up a garden plot. If you were here my troubles would be over. I know you would dig the plot for me. Love, Dad.” A few days later, Dad received a letter from Vinnie. “Dear Dad,” he wrote, “Not for nothing, but don’t dig up that garden. That’s where I buried the Bodies, Love, Vinnie.” At 4 a.m. the next morning, FBI agents and local police arrived and dug up the entire area without finding any bodies. They apologized to the old man and left. That same day, the old man received another letter from his son. “Dear Dad,” the letter began, “go ahead and plant the tomatoes now. That’s the best I could do under the circumstances.” Like Vinnie, Mayor Pike did the best he could under the circumstances, and it worked. Welcome Mayor Jon Pike. Thank you, Mayor Pike. We appreciate your support and your encouraging remarks. Mayor Pike Presentation Pace PreSentation This next segment represents an aside. As Director of this project, I have had the support of my wife, Gae. Gae, would you please stand! Today, Gae and I have been married for 63 years. All six of our children are present for this event. I’d like our six children to stand. Thank you! To dedicate something is to say, at an official ceremony, that a new entity will have a special connection with a particular community, as a sign of admiration or respect for them. Today, we dedicate a sandstone quarry so that it has a special connection to the community of St. George as a sign of admiration and respect for it residents, and for the pioneers who opened the quarry and excavated stones for the purpose of constructing important buildings and other structures in this community. A quarry, according to the Cambridge English dictionary, is a large artificial hole in the ground where stones are dug out for use in constructing buildings. I’m not so sure the term “artificial” summarizes very well the enormous effort it took to remove those unqualifiedly gigantic stones from the earth to create wonderfully magnificent buildings in St. George. Although I’ve been unable to locate the author of the following observation, to me it expresses a powerful sentiment about this project. The author said that: “There is nothing more difficult to take in hand, more perilous to conduct, or more uncertain in its success, than to take the lead in the introduction of a new order of things.” The Pathway to the Quarry is part of a new order and its splendor is expressed in another quotation, this time from Daniel Burnham. He says, “Make no little plans. They have no magic with which to stir men’s blood and probably themselves will not be realized. Make big plans: aim high in hope and work. Remember that our children and grandchildren will do things that will stagger us. Remember that when you create a situation that captures the imagination, you capture life, reason, everything.” We have sought to capture your imagination with this Pathway to the Quarry. We want you to visit the quarry, reflect on the pioneer heritage that is embodied in the quarry, and cherish the memory of those who were involved in quarrying the stones. We have had the support, during the construction phase of this project, of two groups of people whom we have not as yet recognized: 1. Prospective Eagle Scouts and their parents and leaders. Would all of the prospective Eagle Scouts and their supporters pleased stand! 2. The staff of the golf course maintenance group led by Gary Flowers. Would all of those individuals and Gary please stand! David Peterson of the Dixie Encampment chapter of the SUP accepted responsibility to supervise the construction process. Dave, please stand. David was the ultimate overseer and did a brilliant job of organizing and making sure everything was completed on time. David Peterson (standing), construction supervisor leading the first group along the pathway to the quarry Most of the other contributors are listed on the Contributor’s Plaque at the entrance; please consult the plaque and give your congratulations to those listed. This project has been sponsored by the Dixie Encampment Chapter of the Sons of Utah Pioneers, a unit of the National Society of the Sons of Utah Pioneers. one of our guests, L. Stewart Radmall, of Ogden, Utah, was the Director of Monuments for the National Society when this project was approved. Stewart was unable to attend this service, so Dr. Thomas Alexander, former President of the National Society of the Sons of Utah Pioneers, has agreed to review for us what the Sons of Utah Pioneers represents and how the National Society was involved in this project. Please welcome Tom Alexander. Alexander Presentation Thank you, Tom. We’ve discovered that fewer people than we would like seem to know little about this area and where the Quarry is located. It has an interesting history and we’ve invited Richard Kohler, President of the Washington County Historical Society, to review for us some of the occupants and historical events that have occurred on this property. We think that understanding who and what took place here will give you a deeper appreciation for our efforts to allow visitors to walk the Path. Please welcome Richard Kohler. Kohler Presentation Thank you, Richard. our next speaker will be Barbara Watson, a longtime resident of what is widely known as “Sandtown” and has been acquainted with and has had some personal experiences with the Quarry and this area. She will be assisted by her son, David Watson, in recounting some personal reflections about the Quarry. Please welcome Barbara and David Watson. Watson Presentation Thank you, Barbara and David. We would now like you to prepare for the Dedicatory Prayer in which we invoke the blessings of the Spirit of God in honoring the original pioneers and the modern pioneers, who gave their time and effort on behalf of the Quarry as an historical site. Hal G. Anderson, a former Stake President and a descendant of Pioneers who invested their energy in developing this area, will offer the dedicatory prayer. Brother Anderson. 73 Anderson Dedicatory Prayer Thank you, my friend, for that prayer. Hal G. Anderson David Peterson, Construction Supervisor Part E—Stroll along the Quarry Path Finally, David Peterson, a Dixie Encampment Chapter member and manager of the construction of the pathway to the quarry lead a stroll along the pathway to the quarry; Derek Rowley and Larry Robinson also escorted groups of guests along the pathway to the quarry. Now, please remain seated while we invite David Peterson—Dave please come forward—and Derek Rowley—Derek please come forward—and Larry Robinson—Larry, please come forward. These three members of the Dixie Encampment Chapter will lead groups of those who would like to walk the Pathway to the Quarry and view the Monument, the Interpretive Plaques, and the beautiful scenery along the Pathway and back. We would like to begin with groups of approximately twenty five (25) individuals,beginning with the front rows. Would the first 25 individuals who would like to join the walk please step up and walk across the entry and join Dave Peterson. Now, would the next 25 individuals join Derek Rowley inside the entry. Now, would the next 25 individuals join Larry inside the entry. As soon as Dave returns, he will escort the next group of visitors along the Pathway to the Quarry, followed by Derek, and then Larry. While you are waiting, please walk to the entry and study the plaques. Thank you for being here and please enjoy yourselves. Initial group walking the pathway to the quarry View of group walking pathway to quarry Group at the Monument and the Quarry VIII Biographical Information about the Author & Contributors Author R. Wayne Pace The overall supervisor and coordinator of the Pathway to the Quarry Project was R.Wayne Pace. He was also founder of the Dixie Encampment Chapter of the Sons of Utah Pioneers, the Chapter sponsoring the project. Wayne completed a bachelor’s degree at the University of Utah in language arts and taught at Box Elder High School for a year, after which he completed a master’s degree at Brigham young University, and a doctoral degree at Purdue University, in the general field of communication theory and education, with minor emphases in industrial relations and educational psychology. After completing his advanced studies,he served as chair or area leader in Communication Departments at Parsons College (Iowa), Fresno State College (California), the University of Montana, the University of New Mexico, and Brigham young University. After 40 years of teaching and research,he completed his academic career at Brigham young University, retiring as a professor emeritus in organizational leadership. During his professorial career, he founded the New Mexico Communication Association, the BYU Chapter of the American Society for Training and Development, the BYU Chapter of the Golden Key Honor Society, The Academy of Human Resource Development, and the St. George Lawn Bowls Club. He served as President of the Montana Communication Association, the New Mexico Communication Association, the Western States Communication Association, the International Communication Association, and the Academy of Human Resource Development, and was selected as Founding President. He served as president of the Brigham young Chapter and the Dixie Encampment Chapter of the Sons of Utah Pioneers. He has published widely in professional journals and popular magazines, and is an author of more than thirty (30) books, the most recent of which is called Easy Leadership: 5 simple steps successful leaders use to inspire action and passion (CedarFort, 2015), in which he explains how to become a leader by initiating a project. He demonstrated the core ideas of Easy Leadership when he became Coordinator of the Sandstone Quarry Project, successfully guiding the project to completion. He has been married to Gae Tueller Pace for sixty three years. They have six children, twenty-two grandchildren, and thirty five great grandchildren. They have lived in St. George, Utah for about twenty years. Contributors Richard R. Kohler During the time of the Sandstone Quarry Project, Richard served as President of the Washington County Historical Society. He investigated the history of the Quarry and presented historical vignettes about Indian Tribes occupying the area, the rise and fall of the Dixie Copper Mine smelter on the site, the establishment of the first golf course on the site, and the construction of the first condominiums in St. George on the site. Richard completed a bachelor’s degree in Civil Engineering at the University of Utah, a master’s degree in Architecture from the University of Hawaii, and postgraduate studies in architecture at Harvard University. His practice in architecture ranges from Park City, Utah to Las Vegas, Nevada. Richard has been actively involved in historical research, resulting two historical books about the St. George area: St. George: Outpost of Civilization, a sesquicentennial history (Flying Rebel Media, 2011) and A Little Piece of Zion: The Saint George Town Lot, a practical history (Flying Rebel Media, 2012). David W. Peterson The construction of Pathway to the Quarry was supervised by David. He was involved in all aspects of the development of the pathway from the entry to the monument at the quarry and the erection of the interpretive plaques. David was born April 12, 1936, in Salt Lake City, Utah. David graduated from South High School and the University of Utah, where he received a BS Degree in Engineering. David was active in sports and played basketball for South High and the University of Utah. He interrupted schooling to serve in the army as a Sergeant, at Fort Hood, Texas, during the Berlin Crisis of 1961-62. He married Connie Dunn in 1963 just before both graduated from the U of U. They moved to Washington State for employment at the Hanford Atomic Energy site. He began studies there for an MBA which he completed at the University of Washington,graduating in 1967. They remained in Washington until 1978 where David worked for IBM then Hewlett Packard in Systems, Sales and Sales Management. Hewlett Packard asked David to return to Utah to manage the sales force there, which he did until retiring in 2000. Their family consists of 5 children, 15 grandchildren and a great grandchild. The family lived in Sandy while each child grew, married and moved away. In 2014 David and Connie moved to St. George, Utah. They served missions for the LDS Church to theDemocratic Republic of Congo (2002-03), Canada Quebec (2005-06) and Sweden (2009). He enjoys outdoor sports such as golf, camping, and fly fishing. Lawrence “Larry” Robinson Larry was born on in Ogden, Utah, participated in athletics, and graduated from ogden High School. He attended Weber State University, Utah State University, and the University of Colorado. resulting in bachelor and master degrees in Civil Engineering from Utah State and a Master of Public Administration from the University of Colorado. Larry was a member of Excelsior Men’s Club at Weber State and Sigma Alpha Epsilon Fraternity at Utah State. He married Roberta Jo Stanford in 1963 while attending Utah State. Their family consists of five children and ten grandchildren. Larry and Roberta have lived in Utah, California, Colorado and Wyoming while being employed with the Bureau of Reclamation, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the Water Division of the Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality. Larry retired in 2006 and moved to St. George in 2010. He and Roberta served a mission for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints in New Zealand (2006-2008) and served as water and hygiene secialists with the Church Humanitarian Services Program (2008-2013) in Thailand, Madagascar, Uganda and South Sudan. Larry enjoys outdoor activities such as tennis, camping, hiking, bike riding, and traveling. Adam Hales During the Quarry Project,Adam served as the information distribution intern from Dixie State University, where he was a student in Communication Studies. He was born in Spanish Fork Utah, but raised in Woods Cross, Utah, where he attended Woods Cross High School. He was captain of both the football and basketball teams, and he received all-state football distinction. He was awarded a scholarship to play football at Dixie State University. Adam was proud to have represented the SUP and honor our pioneer heritage. Ix Appendix Dedicatory Prayer of the St. George Sandstone Quarry Site Our Beloved Father in Heaven, we a few of thy Sons of the Encampment Chapter of the Sons of Utah Pioneers and honorable members of the community gather together this beautiful day to dedicate this St. George Sandstone Quarry site to include this Entry, the Pathway,the Monument, and Interpretive Plaques with great gratitude and thanksgiving for all that thou has blessed us with. We wish to acknowledge thy bounteous blessings upon us and confess thy hand in all that we have been given by thy merciful hand of providence. We are most grateful for thy Son, Jesus Christ, our Savior and Redeemer, and thank thee that thou hast sent Him to this earth to accomplish the magnificent Atonement as part of thy Great and Merciful Plan of Salvation that we might enjoy a glorious resurrection and regain thy presence as we prove faithful. We wish to thank thee Father for this Great Country that Thou hast caused to be raised up by some of thy most special and powerful sons especially prepared by thy Hand for this Sacred Purpose. We acknowledge thy Almighty Hand in establishing the Constitution of this land, by the hands of wise me whom thou didst prepare and inspire to accomplish this great work. We are thankful to be a free people with Liberty and full Agency on this Choice Land of America with the promise that we shall prosper and be free from bondage and captivity and from all other nations under heaven, if we will but serve the God of this land, who is Thy Son Jesus Christ. We are grateful for Thy faithful Prophet Brigham young who received and followed thy revelations that led our pioneer forefathers to leave the states of Illinois and Missouri at that time of a less than perfect Union of the United States of America and come to this beautiful, desolate, and difficult desert land of Southern Utah to make it blossom as the rose to cultivate and build up this great city of St. George from its very beginnings. We wish to thank thee for these early Pioneer families for their faith, determination, endurance, persistence, and tenacity to overcome severe obstacles and difficulties in establishing this wonderful city and beautifying the land. We are thankful for the establishment of our Great State and for the inspired government that thou established to govern first the State of Deseret, and now the Grand State of Utah returning in 1896 to become the 45th State to the then more perfect union of the United States of America. We are thankful for our St. George City and Washington County officials, for the good that they do, and the service that they render. We especially thank Mayor Jonathon T. Pike who is with us today. We are thankful for the Sons of Utah Pioneers organization, for the good that they accomplish and the values and worthy causes like this one that they support. We especially appreciate Brother Wayne Pace for his tenacious leadership and many others that have made this monument and dedication happen. We appreciate the initiative of the “Sons” to preserve the history and heritage of our Southern Utah area with these worthy and even sacred rojects, Monuments, and Improvements. We ask special blessing to be upon all those that have contributed their time, talents, and resources to the completion of this project, may they and their posterity be blessed, prospered and preserved! And now, acting in the authority in us vested, and with authorization from the National Society of the Sons of Utah Pioneers and on behalf of the Board of Directors of the Dixie Encampment Chapter, we dedicate this St. George Utah Sandstone Quarry site to include this Entry, the Pathway, the Monument, and the Interpretive Plaques in honor of those early pioneer builders that set a standard of building excellence by providing many wonderful buildings important to the religious worship and community culture that we have enjoyed over the last 150 years and continue today and into the future. We celebrate the opportunity to dedicate this site today. Vision: May those that visit here be ever inspired by the Vision and Leadership of the Prophet Brigham young who saw the destiny of this little settlement of St. George that “there will yet be built, between those volcanic ridges, a city, with spires, towers and steeples, with homes containing many inhabitants” and that by building “a substantial meeting place would give the St. George settlement a sense of permanence, and be not only useful but also an ornament to our city and a credit to your energy and "enterprise.” We are grateful for his confidence that a significant city could rise under the canopy of the safety and solitude of the southern Utah wilderness… Work Ethic: May those that visit this site be inspired by the remarkable example of the work ethic and clear remembrance of the achievements of these early stonecutters and builders working from this very site. We recognize and celebrate their initiative, efforts, innovation, and hard work and toil to make possible the wonderful buildings of gathering, worship, education, and cultural performances that continue to bless our lives today. The Stones from this very quarry were used to first build the Tabernacle and then the Temple, and later the first County Courthouse, The Cotton Factory, opera House, Woodward School and several other buildings and homes. Gratitude: May we and all those that come here be thankful and full of gratitude to those early community leaders to include George A. Smith and Erastus Snow with deep appreciation for the St. George Sandstone Quarry leaders: Archibald McNeil as Supervisor, Edward L. Parry Chief Mason, assisted by stone cutters: Charles L. Walker, James Bleak, William G. Mile, George Brooks, Joseph Worthen, David Moss, John Pymm, and Hector McQuarrie as blacksmith and tool sharpener, along with a large group of many helpers. We ask a special blessing to be upon these good men, their wives and families throughout all eternity. Small and Simple Things: May we be inspired by the skill and toil of the Stonecutters of this Quarry who by drilling holes, utilizing plugs, shims, wedges and hammers, were able to remove massive stones weighing 1 to 7 tons from the red sand stone quarry bed that were then chiseled into smaller stones to the size needed for construction…..demonstrating the key doctrine that from small and simple things are great things brought to pass (Alma 37:6) and out of small things proceedeth that which is great.. (D&C 64:33, 123:15-17) Sacrifice: Father we are eternally grateful for the Sacrifice demonstrated by these early St. George Saints (only 1,100 in number) who were living in extreme poverty. The Prophet Brigham young knew of their willingness to sacrifice and led the early Saints to first build the St. George Tabernacle (13 years from 1863 to 1875 and then to build the St. George Temple (6 back breaking years 1871 to 1877) St. George Tabernacle: We are especially grateful that the resource and work done in this Quarry made possible the building of the St. George Tabernacle that was such a vital role in the early development of the St. George Community by accommodating every category of church meeting, hosted dances, parties, dinners, funerals, weddings, memorials, community celebrations, lectures,educational classes, a range of civic meetings, even a Catholic mass. We are very grateful Father that this Community treasure continues today to host a variety of religious, civic and community events. We are eternally grateful for the revelation received by Prophet Lorenzo Snow in the St. George Tabernacle, even Thy Law of Finance (Tithes and offerings) May 18, 1899 that enabled the early pioneers to become self-reliant and better able to build this community and prosper. St. George Temple: We stand all amazed and express our eternal appreciation that the stone from this very quarry led to the building of the first fully functioning Temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints completed in 1877. We recognize that the Prophet Brigham young felt that he had been commissioned by the Prophet Joseph Smith to “organize and systemize all the ceremonies.”In 1877 the first endowments for the dead were performed in the St. George Temple, bringing about the restoration of all necessary ordinances for the Full Salvation of both the living and the dead. We are grateful that these restored ordinances of Salvation were assembled and distributed to the entire world as the Standard beginning here from the St. George Temple as part of the fulfilling of Thy sacred covenants to thy children and in fulfillment of the prophecies of thy Holy Prophets through the ages. So important are these ordinances of salvation that we have the record and testimony of the Prophet Wilford Woodruff and John D. T. McAllister of the very Founding Fathers of this nation that came to the St. George Temple to receive these saving ordinances enjoying the protective 3-4 foot walls of sacred red sandstone taken from this very quarry shaped and fashioned by the humble stonecutters, our very progenitors that we honor today. Father, we are deeply grateful that this St. George Sandstone Quarry is significant to our local community, the nation, and the world. That Thou hast chosen the Red Sandstone of Southern Utah to be worthy to receive and to house some of his most important revelations and saving ordinances for the living and the dead in the fulfillment of His Holy Work of Salvation for all mankind. These sacred happenings make these buildings built with the red sandstone from this very quarry among the most sacred and important on the earth. That makes this site a sacred one to us, our progenitors, our posterity and our God. May we always appreciate that the resources of this very Quarry made possible the First County Courthouse where the laws of the land could be administered and the educational facilities that were built with the resources of this quarry in our quest to become more like unto thee…knowing that the Glory of God is Intelligence. We are grateful and celebrate all of the other buildings made possible by the resource and work done in this Quarry. We ask for thy protection of this site, the entry, the trail, the Monument and commemorative plaques be protected from all damage and destruction both from natural and other causes, that they may stand the test of Sun, Wind, occasional Rain, and Time. We ask a blessing upon all that visit here that they may be motivated and inspired by the meaning and teachings of this sacred site. This quarry is one of the truly significant historical sites in this area. It testifies of the industry, determination, and faith of the early pioneers. May we retain and build upon this same Pioneer spirit and legacy of faith, prayer, and good works of service that this Sandstone Quarry represents, to continue in their example to serve mankind and make every effort, even our best efforts to improve, innovate, work hard, and build up this city and our community with the same spirit of dedication, innovation, courage, hard work, and pioneer unity demonstrated by the work accomplished in this “Magnificent Quarry”. In the holy and sacRed name of Jesus chRist, amen. Offered by Hal G. Anderson March 19, 2016 Acknowledgments and References We promised several individuals that a history of the ways in which the Sandstone Quarry Project was achieved, how it came about, why it was important, and who was involved would be written before all of the details were forgotten. This monograph attempts to report the process by which the “old sandstone quarry” was opened to the public to visit and learn about this fantastic location from which stones came to build the St. George Court House, Tabernacle, Temple, Woodward Elementary School, and, some say, even the Cotton Factory. Many individuals have reported that the homes of their great grandparents or grandparents were constructed from stones from the Quarry, and others, such as Barbara Watson, have insisted that walls, fireplaces, and other structures contain stones from the Quarry. We do not dispute any of those claims and we extend our appreciation to every person who enjoyed the quarry in the old days, and we wish future generations our very best as they discover the Sandstone Quarry. Acknowledgements We acknowledge the contributions and efforts of all those individuals listed on the Contributor’s Plaque at the entrance to the Pathway to the Quarry. We want you to visit the Quarry and study the names listed on the plaque and congratulate them as you cross their paths in the community. Do not hesitate to congratulate them for the enduring support they provided during the process of discovering the old sandstone quarry and opening it up to the public and the community. Cherish the values exhibited by the Pioneers who worked in the Quarry and honor them for their unquavering devotion to you and your descendants. No book or monograph can be completed without the support and encouragement of the authors’ families and friends. This monograph is no exception. We salute our spouses, children, and other family members who urged us to write this monograph. Finally, this entire project came about through the auspices of the Sons of Utah Pioneers. Many, many SUP members from both the Dixie Encampment Chapter and the Cotton Mission Chapter participated in this project. We are eternally grateful for their support. We urge all of you who accept the mission of the National Society of the Sons of Utah Pioneers to seek out a chapter in your area and join it so as to expand the influence of the SUP in honoring our pioneer heritage. References Alder, Douglas D. and Brooks, Karl F. 1996. A History of Washington County. Salt Lake City, Utah: Utah State Historical Society, pp. 55, 63. Allen, James B. and Leonard, Glen M. 1976. The Story of the Latter-day Saints. Salt Lake City, Utah: Deseret Book Company, 2nd ed., rev., and enl. Anonymous. n.d. Some Facts of the Erection of the Tabernacle. n.d. Work Projects Administration (WPA). Typewritten paper, 11x14, three pages. Washington County Library, St. George, Utah. Arrington, Leonard J. 21 July 1993. St. George Tabernacle and Temple: The Builders. St. George, Utah: Juanita Brooks Lecture Series. Atkin, Sara. 2004. Growin’ Up in Sandtown: Tales by Wes Atkin, 2nd Book. St. George, Utah: Privately printed. Barnum, Roberta G. Blake and Peine, Paul. 1999. Saint George, Utah: Original Pioneers. St.George, Utah: B.F. Blake organization. Bleak, James G. 1862-1873. Annals of the Southern Utah Mission, Books A and B. St. George, Utah: Type Script of hand-written journal by JoAnn Wulffenstein, under the supervision of A. Karl Larson, Dixie College, Utah, faculty member. Book A, pp. 76, 92, 99, 118, 120, 123, 130, 183, 184, 190, 233, 235, 247, 268, and 291. Book B, pp. 103, 134, 136, 137, 186, and 190. Bradshaw, Hazel (Ed.). 1950. Under Dixie Sun. Panguitch, Utah: Washington Counnty Chapter,Daughters of Utah Pioneers, pp. 318-333. Brown, Charles M. 1993. The Past Restored: Historic St. George Tabernacle Reopened. In Hamilton, C. Mark. 1993. Nineteenth Century Mormon Architecture and City Planning. Salt Lake City, Utah: Utah Heritage Foundation. Bugden, Miriam. 1993. Geological Resources of Washington County, Utah: Salt Lake City, Utah, Geological Survey. Cahoon, Harold P. and Cahoon, Priscilla J. 1996. Compilers. Utah’s “Dixie” Birthplace: Locations of Early Pioneer Sites in Washington City, Utah and Stories about the People Who Lived There. St. George, Utah: CFP Books, pp. 167- 208, showing pictures and descriptions of sandstone houses and other buildings, including the Charles Franklin Foster home. Cowan, Richard o. 1989. Temples to Dot the Earth. Salt Lake City, Utah: Bookcraft Publishing,pp. 73-78, about St. George Temple. DeMille. Janice Force. 1977. The St. George Temple: First 100 Years. Hurricane, Utah: Homestead Publishers, p. 36. Jenson, Andrew. 1941. Encyclopedia of Latter-Day Saint History. Salt Lake City, Utah: Deseret News Publishing Company. Jones, Heber. 1964. Oral Interview with Moroni McArthur. St. George, Utah: Dixie State University Special Collections. Kohler, Richard R. 2011. St. George: Outpost of Civilization. St. George, Utah: Flying Rebel Media, pp. 36, 43, 60, and 66. Kohler, Richard R. 2013. A Little Piece of Zion: The St. George Town Lot. St. George, Utah: Flying Rebel Media, pp. 49, 67. Lundwall, N.B. 1914. Temples of the Most High. Salt Lake City, Utah: Privately Published. Reid, H. Lorenzo. 1964. Brigham Young’s Dixie of the Desert: Exploration and Settlement. Zion National Park, Utah: Zion Natural History Association, p. 236. Yorgason, Blaine M., Schmutz, Richard A. and Alder, Douglas D. 2013. All That Was Promised: The St. George Temple and the Unfolding of the Restoration. Salt Lake City, Utah: Deseret Book, pp. 83, 97, 139, 145, 150, 151, 159, and 163.